Boehm Stephan G, Klostermann Ellen C, Sommer Werner, Paller Ken A
Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, 2029 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208-2710, USA.
Conscious Cogn. 2006 Mar;15(1):163-74. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2005.06.001. Epub 2005 Jul 27.
Repetition priming of object identification refers to the phenomenon whereby experience with an object induces systematic changes in subsequent processing of that same object. This data-driven form of priming is distinct from conceptually-driven priming. To date, considerable controversy exists about whether data-driven priming reflects facilitation in perceptual processing or mediation by preexisting object representations. The present study concerned priming of recognizing familiar and unfamiliar faces and how this priming is influenced by face inversion, which interferes with perceptual face processing. Perceptual and representation-based loci conjointly contributed to priming; the perceptual locus was operative similarly for familiar and unfamiliar faces, whereas the representation-based locus was only invoked for familiar faces and resulted in a response-time reduction triple the magnitude of that from the perceptual locus. The results constrain theoretical accounts of data-driven priming by indicating that improved identification can result from the combination of perceptual and representation-based facilitation.
对某一物体的体验会引发对同一物体后续加工过程的系统性变化。这种由数据驱动的启动形式有别于概念驱动的启动。迄今为止，对于数据驱动的启动是反映了知觉加工的促进作用还是由预先存在的物体表征所介导，存在着相当大的争议。本研究关注对熟悉和不熟悉面孔的识别启动，以及这种启动如何受到面孔倒置的影响，面孔倒置会干扰对面孔的知觉加工。知觉和基于表征的位点共同促成了启动；知觉位点对熟悉和不熟悉面孔的作用方式相似，而基于表征的位点仅在熟悉面孔的情况下被激活，导致反应时间减少，其幅度是知觉位点减少幅度的三倍。这些结果表明，知觉促进和基于表征的促进相结合可导致识别能力提高，从而对数据驱动启动的理论解释形成了限制。
