Rattner B A, Eisenreich K M, Golden N H, McKernan M A, Hothem R L, Custer T W
U. S. Geological Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Beltsville Laboratory, c/o BARC-East, Building 308, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, USA.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2005 Aug;49(2):257-65. doi: 10.1007/s00244-004-0193-y. Epub 2005 Jul 27.
The Contaminant Exposure and Effects-Terrestrial Vertebrates (CEE-TV) database was developed to conduct simple searches for ecotoxicological information, examine exposure trends, and identify significant data gaps. The CEE-TV database contains 16,696 data records on free-ranging amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals residing in estuarine and coastal habitats of the Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific coasts, Alaska, Hawaii, and the Great Lakes. Information in the database was derived from over 1800 source documents, representing 483 unique species (about 252,000 individuals), with sample collection dates spanning from 1884 to 2003. The majority of the records contain exposure data (generally contaminant concentrations) on a limited number (n = 209) of chlorinated and brominated compounds, cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticides, economic poisons, metals, and petroleum hydrocarbons, whereas only 9.3% of the records contain biomarker or bioindicator effects data. Temporal examination of exposure data provides evidence of declining concentrations of certain organochlorine pesticides in some avian species (e.g., ospreys, Pandion haliaetus), and an apparent increase in the detection and possibly the incidence of avian die-offs related to cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticides. To identify spatial data gaps, 11,360 database records with specific sampling locations were combined with the boundaries of coastal watersheds, and National Wildlife Refuge and National Park units. Terrestrial vertebrate ecotoxicological data were lacking in 41.9% of 464 coastal watersheds in the continental United States. Recent (1990-2003) terrestrial vertebrate contaminant exposure or effects data were available for only about half of the National Wildlife Refuge and National Park units in the geographic area encompassed by the database. When these data gaps were overlaid on watersheds exhibiting serious water quality problems and/or high vulnerability to pollution, 72 coastal watersheds, and 76 National Wildlife Refuge and 59 National Park units in the continental United States were found to lack recent terrestrial vertebrate ecotoxicology data. Delineation of data gaps in watersheds of concern can help prioritize monitoring in areas with impaired water quality and emphasize the need for comprehensive monitoring to gain a more complete understanding of coastal ecosystem health.
污染物暴露与影响——陆生脊椎动物（CEE-TV）数据库旨在进行简单的生态毒理学信息检索、审视暴露趋势并识别重大数据缺口。CEE-TV数据库包含16696条关于自由放养的两栖动物、爬行动物、鸟类和哺乳动物的数据记录，这些动物栖息在大西洋、墨西哥湾和太平洋沿岸、阿拉斯加、夏威夷以及五大湖的河口和沿海栖息地。数据库中的信息源自1800余份原始文献，涵盖483个独特物种（约252000个个体），样本采集日期跨度从1884年至2003年。大多数记录包含有限数量（n = 209）的氯化和溴化化合物、胆碱酯酶抑制性农药、经济毒物、金属以及石油烃的暴露数据（通常为污染物浓度），而仅有9.3%的记录包含生物标志物或生物指示物效应数据。对暴露数据的时间分析表明，某些鸟类物种（如鹗，Pandion haliaetus）体内某些有机氯农药的浓度呈下降趋势，且与胆碱酯酶抑制性农药相关的鸟类死亡事件的检出率以及可能的发生率明显上升。为识别空间数据缺口，将11360条带有特定采样地点的数据库记录与沿海流域、国家野生动物保护区和国家公园单位的边界相结合。在美国大陆的464个沿海流域中，41.9%缺乏陆生脊椎动物生态毒理学数据。在数据库所涵盖地理区域内，仅有约一半的国家野生动物保护区和国家公园单位有近期（1990 - 2003年）陆生脊椎动物污染物暴露或影响数据。当这些数据缺口叠加在水质问题严重和/或污染脆弱性高的流域时，发现美国大陆有72个沿海流域、76个国家野生动物保护区和59个国家公园单位缺乏近期陆生脊椎动物生态毒理学数据。划定受关注流域的数据缺口有助于对水质受损地区的监测工作进行优先排序，并强调全面监测的必要性，以便更全面地了解沿海生态系统健康状况。
