Sato Masahiko
Nagasaki Junior College, Japan.
J Physiol Anthropol Appl Human Sci. 2005 Jul;24(4):289-95. doi: 10.2114/jpa.24.289.
From an international viewpoint, the physiological anthropology had always developed in a mosaic-like structure until the end of the nineteen-sixties. Some of the pieces of the mosaic then started to create significant elements of the theoretical concepts of this science. Generally speaking, research in physiological anthropology consists of the process of individual biology and the process of population biology. Through using these processes, physiological anthropologists have come to realize the importance of individual thinking and the inadequacy of essentialistic concept such as the ideal man, and now infer that all populations are polytypic. Physiological anthropologists have refined the conceptual framework of their science and composed a set of keywords characterizing it. These are technological adaptability, environmental adaptability, functional potentiality, whole body coordination, and physiological polytypism. These keywords are mutually interdependent and do not form any orthogonal relations.
从国际视角来看，直到20世纪60年代末，生理人类学一直以一种拼凑式的结构发展。当时，拼图中的一些板块开始构成这门学科理论概念的重要元素。一般来说，生理人类学的研究包括个体生物学过程和群体生物学过程。通过运用这些过程，生理人类学家开始认识到个体思维的重要性以及诸如理想人类等本质主义概念的不足，现在推断所有群体都是多型的。生理人类学家完善了他们学科的概念框架，并编撰了一套表征该学科的关键词。这些关键词是技术适应性、环境适应性、功能潜力、全身协调性和生理多型性。这些关键词相互依存，并不构成任何正交关系。
