Sendur Polat, Thibodeau Robert, Burge John, Tencer Allan
Crashport, Huntsville, Alabama 35816, USA.
Traffic Inj Prev. 2005 Sep;6(3):258-66. doi: 10.1080/15389580590969382.
The objective is to establish a basis for motor vehicle test requirements that measure component contributions to Whiplash Associated Disorders (WAD).
Selected vehicle design features are evaluated with regard to their relative contributions to WAD measures. The motion of the occupant cervical spine associated with WAD is divided into four phases: retraction, extension, rebound, and protraction. Injury measures from the literature (NIC, extension moment, N(km), and flexion moment) represent the injury potential during each of these phases. Four vehicle design factors that affect WAD motion (vehicle stiffness, seat stiffness, head restraint height and head restraint backset) were evaluated for their contributions to the injury measures. A detailed 50th percentile male model with a biofidelic neck was used in a 100-run Monte Carlo analysis of a rear impact, varying the design factors across the values documented in the literature. Total energy was held constant and Delta V was 10 kph.
Vehicle stiffness has a strong influence on the retraction (70%), rebound (43%), and protraction (47%) phases. Headrest backset demonstrates a strong influence on the extension (49%) and rebound (39%) phases.
For WAD protection rating, the vehicle should be viewed as a system whereby the complex interactions among the vehicle, seat, and occupant characteristics all contribute to the WAD potential.
旨在为衡量部件对挥鞭样相关疾病（WAD）影响的机动车测试要求建立基础。
对选定的车辆设计特征在其对WAD测量的相对贡献方面进行评估。与WAD相关的乘员颈椎运动分为四个阶段：后缩、伸展、回弹和前伸。文献中的损伤测量指标（颈部损伤标准、伸展力矩、牛顿米、屈曲力矩）代表了这些阶段中每个阶段的损伤可能性。对影响WAD运动的四个车辆设计因素（车辆刚度、座椅刚度、头枕高度和头枕后倾距离）在其对损伤测量指标的贡献方面进行评估。使用一个具有生物逼真颈部的第50百分位男性详细模型，对后碰撞进行100次运行的蒙特卡洛分析，使设计因素在文献记录的值范围内变化。总能量保持恒定，速度变化量为10公里/小时。
车辆刚度对后缩（70%）、回弹（43%）和前伸（47%）阶段有强烈影响。头枕后倾距离对伸展（49%）和回弹（39%）阶段有强烈影响。
对于WAD防护评级，车辆应被视为一个系统，其中车辆、座椅和乘员特征之间的复杂相互作用都对WAD可能性有影响。
