Sachdev Harshpal S, Fall Caroline H D, Osmond Clive, Lakshmy Ramakrishnan, Dey Biswas Sushant K, Leary Samantha D, Reddy Kolli Srinath, Barker David J P, Bhargava Santosh K
Department of Pediatrics, Sunder Lal Jain Hospital, Delhi, India.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 Aug;82(2):456-66. doi: 10.1093/ajcn.82.2.456.
South Asians have a muscle-thin but adipose body phenotype and high rates of obesity-related disease. Adult body composition may be predictable in early life.
Anthropometric indexes of adult body composition were examined in relation to birth size and body mass index (BMI) during childhood.
A population-based cohort of 1526 men and women aged 26-32 y in Delhi, India, who were measured sequentially from birth until 21 y of age were followed up. Adult weight, height, skinfold thicknesses, and waist and hip circumferences were measured. BMI and indexes of adiposity (sum of skinfold thicknesses), central adiposity (waist-hip ratio), and lean mass (residual values after adjustment of BMI for skinfold thicknesses and height) were derived.
Mean birth weight was 2851 g. As children, many subjects were underweight-for-age (>2 SDs below the National Center for Health Statistics mean; 53% at 2 y), but as adults, 47% were overweight, 11% were obese, and 51% were centrally obese (according to World Health Organization criteria). Birth weight was positively related to adult lean mass (P < 0.001) and, in women only, to adiposity (P = 0.006) but was unrelated to central adiposity. BMI from birth to age 21 y was increasingly strongly positively correlated with all outcomes. BMI and BMI gain in infancy and early childhood were correlated more strongly with adult lean mass than with adiposity or central adiposity. Higher BMI and greater BMI gain in late childhood and adolescence were associated with increased adult adiposity and central adiposity.
Birth weight and BMI gain during infancy and early childhood predict adult lean mass more strongly than adult adiposity. Greater BMI gain in late childhood and adolescence predicts increased adult adiposity.
南亚人具有肌肉量少但脂肪量多的身体表型以及肥胖相关疾病的高发病率。成人的身体组成在生命早期可能是可预测的。
研究成人身体组成的人体测量指标与儿童期出生体重和体重指数（BMI）之间的关系。
对印度德里1526名年龄在26 - 32岁的男性和女性进行基于人群的队列研究，这些人从出生到21岁被连续测量，并进行随访。测量了成人的体重、身高、皮褶厚度以及腰围和臀围。计算得出BMI、肥胖指数（皮褶厚度总和）、中心性肥胖指数（腰臀比）以及瘦体重（根据皮褶厚度和身高对BMI进行调整后的残差值）。
平均出生体重为2851克。儿童时期，许多受试者年龄别体重偏低（低于美国国家卫生统计中心平均值超过2个标准差；2岁时为53%），但成年后，47%超重，11%肥胖，51%为中心性肥胖（根据世界卫生组织标准）。出生体重与成人瘦体重呈正相关（P < 0.001），仅在女性中与肥胖呈正相关（P = 0.006），但与中心性肥胖无关。从出生到21岁的BMI与所有结果的相关性越来越强。婴儿期和幼儿期的BMI及BMI增长与成人瘦体重的相关性比与肥胖或中心性肥胖的相关性更强。儿童晚期和青少年期较高的BMI及更大的BMI增长与成人肥胖和中心性肥胖增加相关。
婴儿期和幼儿期的出生体重及BMI增长对成人瘦体重的预测作用比对成人肥胖的预测作用更强。儿童晚期和青少年期更大的BMI增长预示着成人肥胖增加。
