To Kiwing
Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan 115, Republic of China.
Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2005 Jun;71(6 Pt 1):060301. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.71.060301. Epub 2005 Jun 17.
Jamming of monodisperse metal disks flowing through two-dimensional hoppers and silos is studied experimentally. Repeating the flow experiment M times in a hopper or silo (HS) of exit size d, we measure the histograms h(n) of the number of disks n through the HS before jamming. By treating the states of the HS as a Markov chain, we find that the jamming probability J(d), which is defined as the probability that jamming occurs in a HS containing m disks, is related to the distribution function F(n) is identical with (1/M) sigma(s=n) to (s=infinity) h(s) by J(d) = 1 - F(m) = 1 - e(-(alpha(m - n(o))). The decay rate alpha, as a function of d, is found to be the same for both hoppers and silos with different widths. The average number of disks N is identical with 1/alpha = [n] passing through the HS can be fitted to N = A e(Bd2), N = A e(B/(d(c) - d))), or N = A (d(c) - d)(-gamma). The implications of these three forms for N to the stability of dense flow are discussed.
对单分散金属圆盘流经二维料斗和筒仓时的堵塞现象进行了实验研究。在出口尺寸为d的料斗或筒仓（HS）中重复进行M次流动实验，我们测量了堵塞前通过HS的圆盘数量n的直方图h(n)。通过将HS的状态视为马尔可夫链，我们发现堵塞概率J(d)（定义为在包含m个圆盘的HS中发生堵塞的概率）与分布函数F(n)相关，具体关系为J(d) = 1 - F(m) = 1 - e^(-α(m - nₒ))，其中F(n)等同于(1/M)∑(s=n)到(s=∞) h(s)。发现衰减率α作为d的函数，对于不同宽度的料斗和筒仓是相同的。通过HS的圆盘平均数量N等同于1/α = [n]，可以拟合为N = A e^(Bd²)、N = A e^(B/(d(c) - d))或N = A (d(c) - d)^(-γ)。讨论了这三种N的形式对密集流稳定性的影响。
