Li Haihong, He Dahai, Cao Zhoujian, Zhang Ying, Munakata Toyonori, Hu Gang
Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2005 Jun;71(6 Pt 1):061103. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.71.061103. Epub 2005 Jun 10.
A Hamiltonian system with few particles and a heavy adiabatic piston is studied. With ensemble averages based on proper classification of slow and fast variables, a nonequilibrium state is defined and the relaxation from nonequilibrium to equilibrium is investigated. Coherent oscillation, dissipative oscillation damping, and anti-intuition energy transfer of the adiabatic piston are observed by numerical simulations. Noise-driven thermodynamic equations of slow variables are derived, based on the assumption of local equilibrium and the fluctuation-dissipation theorem, to understand and quantitatively reproduce all the above few-body nonequilibrium relaxation features.
研究了一个包含少量粒子和一个重绝热活塞的哈密顿系统。基于对慢变量和快变量的适当分类进行系综平均，定义了一个非平衡态，并研究了从非平衡到平衡的弛豫过程。通过数值模拟观察到了绝热活塞的相干振荡、耗散振荡阻尼和反直觉能量转移。基于局部平衡假设和涨落耗散定理，推导了慢变量的噪声驱动热力学方程，以理解并定量再现上述所有少体非平衡弛豫特征。
