Adler S S, Afanasiev S, Aidala C, Ajitanand N N, Akiba Y, Al-Jamel A, Alexander J, Amirikas R, Aoki K, Aphecetche L, Armendariz R, Aronson S H, Averbeck R, Awes T C, Azmoun B, Azmoun R, Babintsev V, Baldisseri A, Barish K N, Barnes P D, Bassalleck B, Bathe S, Batsouli S, Baublis V, Bauer F, Bazilevsky A, Belikov S, Bennett R, Berdnikov Y, Bhagavatula S, Bjorndal M T, Boissevain J G, Borel H, Borenstein S, Boyle K, Brooks M L, Brown D S, Bruner N, Bucher D, Buesching H, Bumazhnov V, Bunce G, Burward-Hoy J M, Butsyk S, Camard X, Campbell S, Chai J-S, Chand P, Chang W C, Chernichenko S, Chi C Y, Chiba J, Chiu M, Choi I J, Choi J, Choudhury R K, Chujo T, Cianciolo V, Cleven C R, Cobigo Y, Cole B A, Comets M P, Constantin P, Csanád M, Csörgo T, d'Enterria D, Dahms T, Das K, David G, Delagrange H, Denisov A, Deshpande A, Desmond E J, Devismes A, Dietzsch O, Dion A, Drachenberg J L, Drapier O, Drees A, Drees K A, Dubey A K, du Rietz R, Durum A, Dutta D, Dzhordzhadze V, Efremenko Y V, Egdemir J, El Chenawi K, Enokizono A, En'yo H, Espagnon B, Esumi S, Ewell L, Fields D E, Fleuret F, Fokin S L, Forestier B, Fox B D, Fraenkel Z, Frantz J E, Franz A, Frawley A D, Fukao Y, Fung S-Y, Gadrat S, Garpman S, Gastineau F, Germain M, Ghosh T K, Glenn A, Gogiberidze G, Gonin M, Gosset J, Goto Y, Granier de Cassagnac R, Grau N, Greene S V, Perdekamp M Grosse, Gunji T, Guryn W, Gustafsson H-A, Hachiya T, Henni A Hadj, Haggerty J S, Hagiwara M N, Hamagaki H, Hansen A G, Harada H, Hartouni E P, Haruna K, Harvey M, Haslum E, Hasuko K, Hayano R, Hayashi N, He X, Heffner M, Hemmick T K, Heuser J M, Hibino M, Hiejima H, Hill J C, Hobbs R, Holmes M, Holzmann W, Homma K, Hong B, Hoover A, Horaguchi T, Hur H M, Ichihara T, Ikonnikov V V, Imai K, Inaba M, Isenhower D, Isenhower L, Ishihara M, Isobe T, Issah M, Isupov A, Jacak B V, Jang W Y, Jeong Y, Jia J, Jin J, Jinnouchi O, Johnson B M, Johnson S C, Joo K S, Jouan D, Kajihara F, Kametani S, Kamihara N, Kaneta M, Kang J H, Kapoor S S, Katou K, Kawagishi T, Kazantsev A V, Kelly S, Khachaturov B, Khanzadeev A, Kikuchi J, Kim D H, Kim D J, Kim D W, Kim E, Kim G-B, Kim H J, Kim Y-S, Kinney E, Kinnison W W, Kiss A, Kistenev E, Kiyomichi A, Kiyoyama K, Klein-Boesing C, Kobayashi H, Kochenda L, Kochetkov V, Koehler D, Kohama T, Komkov B, Konno M, Kopytine M, Kotchetkov D, Kozlov A, Kroon P J, Kuberg C H, Kunde G J, Kurihara N, Kurita K, Kuroki Y, Kweon M J, Kwon Y, Kyle G S, Lacey R, Ladygin V, Lajoie J G, Le Bornec Y, Lebedev A, Leckey S, Lee D M, Lee M K, Lee S, Leitch M J, Leite M A L, Li X H, Lim H, Litvinenko A, Liu M X, Liu Y, Maguire C F, Makdisi Y I, Malakhov A, Malik M D, Manko V I, Mao Y, Martinez G, Marx M D, Masui H, Matathias F, Matsumoto T, McCain M C, McGaughey P L, Melnikov E, Messer F, Miake Y, Milan J, Miller T E, Milov A, Mioduszewski S, Mischke R E, Mishra G C, Mitchell J T, Mohanty A K, Morrison D P, Moss J M, Moukhanova T V, Mühlbacher F, Mukhopadhyay D, Muniruzzaman M, Murata J, Nagamiya S, Nagata Y, Nagle J L, Naglis M, Nakamura T, Nandi B K, Nara M, Newby J, Nguyen M, Nilsson P, Norman B, Nyanin A S, Nystrand J, O'Brien E, Ogilvie C A, Ohnishi H, Ojha I D, Okada H, Okada K, Omiwade O O, Ono M, Onuchin V, Oskarsson A, Otterlund I, Oyama K, Ozawa K, Pal D, Palounek A P T, Pantuev V, Papavassiliou V, Park J, Park W J, Parmar A, Pate S F, Pei H, Peitzmann T, Peng J-C, Pereira H, Peresedov V, Peressounko D Yu, Pinkenburg C, Pisani R P, Plasil F, Purschke M L, Purwar A K, Qu H, Rak J, Ravinovich I, Read K F, Reuter M, Reygers K, Riabov V, Riabov Y, Roche G, Romana A, Rosati M, Rosendahl S S E, Rosnet P, Rukoyatkin P, Rykov V L, Ryu S S, Sadler M E, Sahlmueller B, Saito N, Sakaguchi T, Sakai M, Sakai S, Samsonov V, Sanfratello L, Santo R, Sato H D, Sato S, Sawada S, Schutz Y, Semenov V, Seto R, Sharma D, Shaw M R, Shea T K, Shein I, Shibata T-A, Shigaki K, Shiina T, Shimomura M, Shohjoh T, Shoji K, Sickles A, Silva C L, Silvermyr D, Sim K S, Simon-Gillo J, Singh C P, Singh V, Sivertz M, Skutnik S, Smith W C, Soldatov A, Soltz R A, Sondheim W E, Sorensen S P, Sourikova I V, Staley F, Stankus P W, Stenlund E, Stepanov M, Ster A, Stoll S P, Sugitate T, Suire C, Sullivan J P, Sziklai J, Tabaru T, Takagi S, Takagui E M, Taketani A, Tamai M, Tanaka K H, Tanaka Y, Tanida K, Tannenbaum M J, Taranenko A, Tarján P, Tepe J D, Thomas T L, Togawa M, Tojo J, Torii H, Towell R S, Tram V-N, Tserruya I, Tsuchimoto Y, Tsuruoka H, Tuli S K, Tydesjö H, Tyurin N, Valle H, van Hecke H W, Velkovska J, Velkovsky M, Vertesi R, Veszprémi V, Villatte L, Vinogradov A A, Volkov M A, Vznuzdaev E, Wagner M, Wang X R, Watanabe Y, Wessels J, White S N, Willis N, Winter D, Wohn F K, Woody C L, Wysocki M, Xie W, Yang Y, Yanovich A, Yokkaichi S, Young G R, Younus I, Yushmanov I E, Zajc W A, Zaudkte O, Zhang C, Zhou S, Zhou S J, Zimányi J, Zolin L
Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA.
Phys Rev Lett. 2005 Jun 17;94(23):232302. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.232302.
New measurements are presented for charged hadron azimuthal correlations at midrapidity in Au+Au collisions at (square root)s(NN) = 62.4 and 200 GeV. They are compared to earlier measurements obtained at (square root)s(NN) = 130 GeV and in Pb + Pb collisions at (square root)s(NN) = 17.2 GeV. Sizeable anisotropies are observed with centrality and transverse momentum (pT) dependence characteristic of elliptic flow (upsilon2). For a broad range of centralities, the observed magnitudes and trends of the differential anisotropy, upsilon2(pT), change very little over the collision energy range (square root)s(NN) = 62-200 GeV, indicating saturation of the excitation function for upsilon2 at these energies. Such a saturation may be indicative of the dominance of a very soft equation of state for (square root)s(NN) approximately 60-200 GeV.
给出了在质心能量为$\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 62.4$和200 GeV的金离子与金离子碰撞中，中快度区带电强子方位角关联的新测量结果。这些结果与之前在质心能量为$\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 130$ GeV以及质心能量为$\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 17.2$ GeV的铅离子与铅离子碰撞中获得的测量结果进行了比较。观测到了显著的各向异性，其与椭圆流（$\nu_2$）的中心度和横向动量（$p_T$）依赖性特征相符。对于广泛的中心度范围，在碰撞能量范围$\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 62 - 200$ GeV内，观测到的微分各向异性$\nu_2(p_T)$的大小和趋势变化很小，这表明在这些能量下$\nu_2$的激发函数已饱和。这种饱和可能表明对于质心能量约为60 - 200 GeV的情况，一种非常软的状态方程占主导地位。
