Rickwood A M
Regional Department of Paediatric Urology, Royal Liverpool Childrens Hospital, Alder Hey, UK.
Scand J Urol Nephrol Suppl. 1992;141:117-25.
Except for children with neurological disease or major structural anomalies, the burden of managing childhood urinary incontinence in the UK falls predominantly upon general practitioners and local specialists. Because they see relatively few cases and have many other calls upon their attention, their postgraduate education on this topic must be succinct and basic; this article is based upon such advice. The organic causes of childhood urinary incontinence are discussed as also the clinical features and basic investigations (principally ultrasonography) which call attention to them. The various clinically recognisable patterns of functional voiding disorders are described with emphasis on the commonest, urge incontinence. Based on these considerations a scheme is recommended which aims to minimise necessity for secondary or tertiary referral, yet at the same time ensures that organic disease or severe functional voiding disorders are not overlooked.
除患有神经系统疾病或严重结构异常的儿童外，在英国，管理儿童尿失禁的负担主要落在全科医生和当地专科医生身上。由于他们见到的此类病例相对较少，且还有许多其他事务需要关注，因此他们关于该主题的研究生教育必须简洁且基础；本文就是基于此类建议撰写的。文中讨论了儿童尿失禁的器质性病因，以及能引起关注的临床特征和基本检查（主要是超声检查）。描述了各种临床上可识别的功能性排尿障碍模式，重点是最常见的急迫性尿失禁。基于这些考虑，推荐了一种方案，旨在尽量减少二次或三次转诊的必要性，同时确保不忽视器质性疾病或严重的功能性排尿障碍。
