Zemaitiene Nida, Zaborskis Apolinaras
Institute for Biomedical Research, Kaunas University of Medicine, 4, Eiveniu str., Kaunas, LT-50009, Lithuania.
BMC Public Health. 2005 Aug 11;5:83. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-5-83.
Suicidal behaviour is increasingly becoming a phenomenon associated with young people and an important public health issue in Lithuania. However, there are very few studies evaluating impact of young peoples' attitudes towards suicide to their suicidal behaviour. A better understanding of the relations among the variables associated with suicidal ideation and threats in the normal population of adolescents may eventually result in a better understanding of the more serious forms of adolescent suicidal behaviour. The aim of the present study was to evaluate prevalence of suicidal tendencies among Lithuanian schoolchildren and to estimate its association with an attitude towards suicide in 1994-2002.
Three country representative samples of schoolchildren, aged 11, 13 and 15, were surveyed in 1994 (n = 5,428), 1998 (n = 4,513), and 2002 (n = 5,645) anonymously in conformity with the methodology of the World Health Organization Cross--National study on Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC).
About one third of respondents reported about suicidal ideation, plans or attempts to commit suicide. In the study period of eight years, the percentage of adolescents who reported sometime suicidal ideation decreased but the percentage of adolescents who declared serious suicidal behaviour remained on the same high level (8.1%, 9.8% and 8.4% correspondingly in 1994, 1998 and 2002). Moreover, the number of suicidal attempts changed from 1.0% in 1994 to 1.8% in the year 1998 and to 1,7% in the year 2002. The schoolchildren's attitude towards suicide became more agreeable: 36.6%, 41.9% and 62.5% of respondents, correspondingly in 1994, 1998 and 2002, answered that they agree with a person's freedom to make a choice between life and suicide. A multiple logistic regression analysis with low level of suicidality and high level of suicidality versus non suicidal behaviour as dependent variables for gender, age, year of the survey and attitude towards freedom to choose suicide as independent variables approved a significant association between studied covariates over the entire study period.
Suicidal tendencies are quite frequent among Lithuanian adolescents. An increasing number of schoolchildren are expressing an agreeable attitude towards suicide. The approving attitude towards suicide among adolescents correlates with suicidal ideation and behaviour.
自杀行为日益成为与年轻人相关的一种现象，并且在立陶宛是一个重要的公共卫生问题。然而，很少有研究评估年轻人对自杀的态度对其自杀行为的影响。更好地理解青少年正常人群中与自杀意念和自杀威胁相关的变量之间的关系，最终可能会更好地理解青少年更严重形式的自杀行为。本研究的目的是评估1994 - 2002年立陶宛学童自杀倾向的患病率，并估计其与对自杀态度的关联。
按照世界卫生组织学龄儿童健康行为跨国研究（HBSC）的方法，于1994年（n = 5428）、1998年（n = 4513）和2002年（n = 5645）对11岁、13岁和15岁的三个具有全国代表性的学童样本进行了匿名调查。
约三分之一的受访者报告有自杀意念、自杀计划或自杀未遂。在八年的研究期间，报告曾有自杀意念的青少年比例下降，但宣称有严重自杀行为的青少年比例仍维持在较高水平（1994年、1998年和2002年分别为8.1%、9.8%和8.4%）。此外，自杀未遂的比例从1994年的1.0%变为1998年的1.8%，2002年为1.7%。学童对自杀的态度变得更加认同：1994年、1998年和2002年分别有36.6%、41.9%和62.5%的受访者表示同意一个人有在生和自杀之间做出选择的自由。以低自杀倾向水平和高自杀倾向水平与非自杀行为作为因变量，以性别、年龄、调查年份和对选择自杀自由的态度作为自变量进行多元逻辑回归分析，证实了在整个研究期间所研究的协变量之间存在显著关联。
自杀倾向在立陶宛青少年中相当常见。越来越多的学童对自杀表达出认同态度。青少年对自杀的认同态度与自杀意念和行为相关。
