Akinyemi K O, Mendie U E, Smith S T, Oyefolu A O, Coker A O
Department of Microbiology, Lagos State University, Lagos, Nigeria.
J Herb Pharmacother. 2005;5(1):45-60.
Ten Nigerian medicinal plants used traditionally for the treatment of several ailments of both microbial and non-microbial origins were tested on multi-drug resistant S. typhi (MDR) strains of which six of them were active. The results revealed that both the aqueous and ethanol extracts of Terminalia avicennioides, Momordica balsamina, Combretum paniculatum and Trema guineensis were effective on the MDR-S. typhi strains with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values ranging from 9.60 to 14 mcg/ml and 24 to 33 mcg/ml, respectively. Whereas, only the aqueous extracts of Morinda lucida and Ocimum gratissimum were found to be active against this pathogen with MIC and MBC values of 9.60 and 24 mcg/ml for M. lucida, 40 and 55 mcg/ml for O. gratissimum, respectively. There was no statistical significant difference (P > 0.05) between the activity of each plant extract and the decoctions prepared from them. All the six active plants showed positive reactions to alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids and anthraquinones but in variable degrees. All but M. balsamina, indicated the presence of saponin.
对十种传统上用于治疗多种微生物和非微生物源性疾病的尼日利亚药用植物进行了测试，以检测它们对多重耐药伤寒沙门氏菌（MDR）菌株的效果，其中六种植物具有活性。结果显示，诃子、苦瓜、圆锥花风车子和几内亚山黄麻的水提取物和乙醇提取物对多重耐药伤寒沙门氏菌菌株均有效，其最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和最低杀菌浓度（MBC）值分别为9.60至14微克/毫升和24至33微克/毫升。而只有亮叶巴戟天和丁香罗勒的水提取物对该病原体有活性，亮叶巴戟天的MIC和MBC值分别为9.60和24微克/毫升，丁香罗勒的MIC和MBC值分别为40和55微克/毫升。每种植物提取物与其制备的煎剂之间的活性没有统计学显著差异（P>0.05）。所有六种活性植物对生物碱、单宁、黄酮类化合物和蒽醌类化合物均呈阳性反应，但程度不同。除苦瓜外，所有植物均表明含有皂苷。
