Hua-Van A, Le Rouzic A, Maisonhaute C, Capy P
Laboratoire Populations, Génétique et Evolution, CNRS, Gif/Yvette, France.
Cytogenet Genome Res. 2005;110(1-4):426-40. doi: 10.1159/000084975.
Retrotransposable elements and transposons are generally both found in most eukaryotes. These two classes of elements are usually distinguished on the basis of their differing mechanisms of transposition. However, their respective frequencies, their intragenomic dynamics and distributions, and the frequencies of their horizontal transfer from one species to another can also differ. The main objective of this review is to compare these two types of elements from a new perspective, using data provided by genome sequencing projects and relating this to the theoretical and observed dynamics. It is shown that the traditional division into two classes, based on the transposition mechanisms, becomes less obvious when other factors are taken into consideration. A great diversity in distribution and dynamics within each class is observed. In contrast, the impact on and the interactions with the genome can show striking similarities between families of the two classes.
逆转座元件和转座子通常在大多数真核生物中都能找到。这两类元件通常根据它们不同的转座机制来区分。然而，它们各自的频率、基因组内的动态变化和分布，以及从一个物种到另一个物种的水平转移频率也可能不同。本综述的主要目的是从一个新的角度比较这两种类型的元件，利用基因组测序项目提供的数据，并将其与理论和观察到的动态变化联系起来。结果表明，当考虑其他因素时，基于转座机制的传统分类为两类就变得不那么明显了。在每一类中都观察到分布和动态变化的巨大差异。相比之下，这两类家族对基因组的影响以及与基因组的相互作用可能显示出惊人的相似之处。
