Ryser Mark R, Block Michael S, Mercante Donald E
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Louisiana State University School of Dentistry, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA.
J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2005 Aug;63(8):1184-95. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2005.04.025.
The purposes of this study are to determine if there is a difference in the papilla fill between implant and teeth comparing immediate provisionalized and delayed single tooth implant restorations, and to determine the relationships between the vertical and horizontal bone levels to papilla filling the inter-dental region with single implant restorations.
Two groups of patients treated with single tooth implant restorations were prospectively followed. One group had immediate provisionalization of their implants, and the second group a delayed approach. Serial radiographs and photographs were used to collect bone level measurements for the vertical distance between contact point to bone level on the adjacent tooth, implant, and the midcrestal region. The horizontal distances were also recorded. Papilla morphology was scored 1 through 4. Univariate analysis was used to evaluate the relationships between bone levels and papilla morphology.
There were no differences between papilla or bone levels comparing immediate provisionalization to delayed approaches. There were significant ( P < .05) relationships between the vertical distance from contact point to bone levels, with the distance from the contain point to the adjacent tooth the distance most critical to papilla maintenance. There were no significant relationships between horizontal distance and papilla maintenance.
As the distance from the contact point to the implant increased, there was a significant chance of loss of papilla. There was no difference between delayed or immediate provisionalization and papilla scores. The horizontal distance from adjacent tooth bone level did not correlate to papilla score within the range of clinically relevant distances.
本研究的目的是比较即刻临时修复和延迟单颗牙种植修复时种植体与天然牙之间的龈乳头充盈情况是否存在差异，并确定单颗种植修复时垂直和水平骨水平与牙间区域龈乳头充盈之间的关系。
对两组接受单颗牙种植修复的患者进行前瞻性随访。一组对种植体进行即刻临时修复，另一组采用延迟修复方法。使用系列X线片和照片收集骨水平测量数据，测量邻牙、种植体和牙槽嵴顶区域接触点至骨水平的垂直距离。同时记录水平距离。龈乳头形态按1至4分进行评分。采用单因素分析评估骨水平与龈乳头形态之间的关系。
比较即刻临时修复和延迟修复方法，龈乳头或骨水平无差异。接触点至骨水平的垂直距离之间存在显著（P <.05）关系，其中接触点至邻牙的距离对龈乳头维持最为关键。水平距离与龈乳头维持之间无显著关系。
随着接触点至种植体距离的增加，龈乳头丧失的可能性显著增加。延迟或即刻临时修复与龈乳头评分之间无差异。在临床相关距离范围内，邻牙骨水平的水平距离与龈乳头评分无关。
