Schropp Lars, Isidor Flemming
Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University of Aarhus, Denmark.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2008 Jul-Aug;23(4):733-43.
This 5-year follow-up report presents the outcome of early and delayed placement of single-tooth implants.
An implant was placed on average 10 days after tooth extraction in 23 patients (early) and 3 months after tooth extraction in 22 patients (delayed). All implants were placed in the anterior or premolar regions of the maxilla or mandible. Survival rates, prosthodontic complications, probing pocket depths (PPDs), marginal bone levels measured on radiographs (MBLs), soft tissue appearance (papilla dimensions and clinical crown height), and patient satisfaction were evaluated during an observation period of 5 years. Several patients with prior generalized gingival recession were included in the study, and modification of the papilla scoring was made in these cases.
Two implants in the early group and 1 in the delayed group failed before occlusal loading. No further implants were lost during the follow-up period. The mean PPD varied from 3.3 to 4.5 mm in the early group and from 3.6 to 4.4 mm in the delayed group 5 years after implant placement. During the 5-year period, an annual marginal bone loss of less than 0.2 mm was found in both groups. Although the early group performed slightly better than the delayed group as to soft tissue appearance just after seating of the implant restoration, the papilla dimensions and the clinical crown height improved spontaneously over time, and no significant differences between the 2 protocols were seen after 5 years. Furthermore, patients in both groups were highly satisfied with the outcome of their implant treatment.
The outcomes of early and delayed placement of single-tooth implants were comparable in terms of high survival rates, few prosthetic complications, acceptable MBLs and PPDs, as well as soft tissue appearance and patient satisfaction during a 5-year follow-up period.
本5年随访报告介绍了单颗牙种植体早期和延期植入的结果。
23例患者在拔牙后平均10天植入种植体（早期组），22例患者在拔牙后3个月植入种植体（延期组）。所有种植体均植入上颌或下颌的前部或前磨牙区。在5年的观察期内，评估了种植体的生存率、修复并发症、探诊深度（PPD）、X线片上测量的边缘骨水平（MBL）、软组织外观（乳头尺寸和临床冠高度）以及患者满意度。研究纳入了几名既往有广泛性牙龈退缩的患者，并对这些病例的乳头评分进行了修改。
早期组有2颗种植体和延期组有1颗种植体在咬合加载前失败。随访期间没有进一步的种植体丢失。种植体植入5年后，早期组的平均PPD为3.3至4.5毫米，延期组为3.6至4.4毫米。在5年期间，两组每年的边缘骨丢失均小于0.2毫米。尽管在种植修复就位后早期组在软组织外观方面略优于延期组，但随着时间的推移，乳头尺寸和临床冠高度会自发改善，5年后两组之间未见显著差异。此外，两组患者对种植治疗的结果都非常满意。
在5年的随访期内，单颗牙种植体早期和延期植入的结果在高生存率、少量修复并发症、可接受的MBL和PPD以及软组织外观和患者满意度方面具有可比性。
