Price Samantha A, Bininda-Emonds Olaf R P, Gittleman John L
Department of Biology, Gilmer Hall, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4328, USA.
Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc. 2005 Aug;80(3):445-73. doi: 10.1017/s1464793105006743.
Despite the biological and economic importance of the Cetartiodactyla, the phylogeny of this clade remains controversial. Using the supertree approach of matrix representation with parsimony, we present the first phylogeny to include all 290 extant species of the Cetacea (whales and dolphins) and Artiodactyla (even-toed hoofed mammals). At the family-level, the supertree is fully resolved. For example, the relationships among the Ruminantia appear as (((Cervidae, Moschidae) Bovidae) (Giraffidae, Antilocapridae) Tragulidae). However, due to either lack of phylogenetic study or contradictory information, polytomies occur within the clades Sus, Muntiacus, Cervus, Delphinidae, Ziphiidae and Bovidae. Complete species-level phylogenies are necessary for both illustrating and analysing biological, geographical and ecological patterns in an evolutionary framework. The present species-level tree of the Cetartiodactyla provides the first opportunity to examine comparative hypotheses across entirely aquatic and terrestrial species within a single mammalian order.
尽管鲸偶蹄目在生物学和经济方面都很重要，但其进化谱系仍存在争议。我们采用简约法矩阵表示的超树方法，构建了首个包含鲸目（鲸鱼和海豚）及偶蹄目（偶蹄有蹄类哺乳动物）所有290个现存物种的进化谱系。在科的层面上，超树完全解析清楚。例如，反刍亚目的关系呈现为（（（鹿科、麝科）牛科）（长颈鹿科、叉角羚科）鼷鹿科）。然而，由于缺乏系统发育研究或存在相互矛盾的信息，猪属、麂属、鹿属、海豚科、喙鲸科和牛科的进化分支中出现了多歧分支。完整的物种层面进化谱系对于在进化框架中阐释和分析生物学、地理和生态模式而言都是必要的。当前的鲸偶蹄目物种层面进化树首次提供了一个机会，可在单一哺乳动物目内检验完全水生和陆生物种间的比较假说。
