Koo Lily, Kapadia Mitesh K, Singh Rishi P, Sheridan Robert, Hatton Mark P
Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
J Trauma. 2005 Jul;59(1):175-8. doi: 10.1097/01.ta.0000173624.37438.d6.
Patterns of injury and outcomes after multi-system trauma differ between men and women. Few data exist regarding the epidemiology of gender differences in severe eye trauma. We hypothesized that the incidence and patterns of open globe injuries might differ between men and women.
Charts of 220 patients with open globe injuries presenting to the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary during a three-year period were retrospectively reviewed. The data were analyzed with respect to gender, type of open globe injury (penetrating, perforating, or rupture), and mechanism of globe injury (projectile, non-projectile, assault, fall, sports, motor vehicle crash).
The majority (78.6%) of patients were men. Women with open globe injuries were older (median age 73 years) than men (median age 36 years). Men were more likely to suffer from penetrating injuries (69.9%) while women were more likely to experience blunt globe rupture (68.1%). Projectile objects accounted for the majority of open globe injuries in men (54.9%) and were an infrequent cause in women (4.3%). Nearly one-third (31.8%) of the projectile injuries in men were work-related, and 19.7% occurred during home improvement projects. Compared with men, falls were more frequently responsible for globe injuries in women (55.3% versus 8.1%). Injuries limited to the cornea were more common in men than women (46.2% versus 23.4%), while more posterior globe injuries were more common among women (46.8% versus 28.3% men). Women were more likely than men to have poor visual acuity at 3 months after injury.
The causes and patterns of open globe injuries differ between men and women. In this series, the majority of injuries to men were caused by projectile objects related to work or home improvement projects. Open globe injuries in women were most often resulted from fall, and were more likely to cause rupture posterior to the limbus.
多系统创伤后的损伤模式及结果在男性和女性之间存在差异。关于严重眼外伤中性别差异的流行病学数据较少。我们推测开放性眼球损伤的发生率和模式在男性和女性之间可能有所不同。
回顾性分析了三年期间在马萨诸塞州眼耳医院就诊的220例开放性眼球损伤患者的病历。对数据进行了性别、开放性眼球损伤类型（穿透性、穿通性或破裂）以及眼球损伤机制（投射物、非投射物、袭击、跌倒、运动、机动车碰撞）方面的分析。
大多数（78.6%）患者为男性。开放性眼球损伤的女性患者年龄（中位年龄73岁）大于男性（中位年龄36岁）。男性更易遭受穿透性损伤（69.9%），而女性更易发生钝性眼球破裂（68.1%）。投射物导致了男性开放性眼球损伤的大多数（54.9%），而在女性中则是罕见原因（4.3%）。男性中近三分之一（31.8%）的投射物损伤与工作相关，19.7%发生在家庭装修项目期间。与男性相比，跌倒在女性眼球损伤中更常见（55.3%对8.1%）。仅限于角膜的损伤在男性中比女性更常见（46.2%对23.4%），而眼球后部损伤在女性中更常见（46.8%对男性的28.3%）。女性在受伤后3个月时视力差的可能性比男性更大。
开放性眼球损伤的原因和模式在男性和女性之间存在差异。在本系列中，男性的大多数损伤是由与工作或家庭装修项目相关的投射物引起的。女性的开放性眼球损伤最常由跌倒导致，且更易引起角膜缘后破裂。
