Ausín Israel, Alonso-Blanco Carlos, Martínez-Zapater José-Miguel
Departamento de Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain.
Int J Dev Biol. 2005;49(5-6):689-705. doi: 10.1387/ijdb.052022ia.
The timing of flower initiation is a highly plastic developmental process. To achieve reproductive success, plants must select the most favourable season to initiate reproductive development; this in turn requires continuous monitoring of environmental factors and a properly response. Environmental factors which change in a predictable fashion along the year, such as light and temperature, are the most relevant in terms of selection of the flowering season. In Arabidopsis and more recently in a few other species, molecular genetic analyses are providing a way to identify the genes involved in the regulation of flowering time. From gene sequences it is possible to develop hypotheses regarding molecular function and to infer some of the molecular mechanisms involved in the environmental regulation of flowering time. In this paper, we summarize recent discoveries concerning the mechanisms which plants use to perceive and respond to major environmental factors (light and temperature) and their different components. We focus mainly on annual plants and especially on Arabidopsis because most of the available molecular and functional data come from this species. However, additional information arising from other plant systems is also considered.
开花起始的时间是一个高度可塑性的发育过程。为了实现繁殖成功，植物必须选择最适宜的季节来启动生殖发育；这反过来需要持续监测环境因素并做出恰当反应。沿着一年中以可预测方式变化的环境因素，如光照和温度，在开花季节的选择方面最为相关。在拟南芥以及最近在其他一些物种中，分子遗传学分析为鉴定参与开花时间调控的基因提供了一种方法。从基因序列可以提出关于分子功能的假说，并推断出一些参与开花时间环境调控的分子机制。在本文中，我们总结了关于植物用于感知和响应主要环境因素（光照和温度）及其不同组成部分的机制的最新发现。我们主要关注一年生植物，特别是拟南芥，因为大多数可用的分子和功能数据都来自该物种。然而，也考虑了来自其他植物系统的额外信息。
