The search: body, mind, and human purpose.

Psychiatry's appropriate agenda and severe distractions in sustaining it are presently a concern and have historically been so as we struggle with the issues of linking body, mind, and human purpose. Biology requires behaving, variability, and the development of regulations to implement "purpose" in coping with the milieu. Psychiatry begins and ends with our patients--with their diseases and dysfunctions, their biographies and aspirations--which, as a clinical medical science, we must systematically study. Doing that, we will borrow from and pose problems for all the life sciences. New knowledge about how cells and biological systems acquire, code, and exchange information challenges all of medicine. In assessing our advances and future, we consider the history of biological issues in psychiatry and the "sins" of biologism or reductionism. We will see that research questions and strategies in the current study of disease and therapeutics have not fundamentally shifted from Freud and Meyer to modern molecular neurobiology. The tension between the socially conditioned purposive self and impersonal biological processes is an inescapable intrinsic tension for psychiatry of which we must be cognizant as we continue the search.