Fendt Markus, Endres Thomas, Lowry Catherine A, Apfelbach Raimund, McGregor Iain S
Tierphysiologie, Zoologisches Institut, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 28, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2005;29(8):1145-56. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2005.04.018. Epub 2005 Aug 15.
One of the main interests in the field of neuroscience is the investigation of the neural basis of fear. During recent years, an increasing number of studies have used trimethylthiazoline (TMT), a component of red fox feces, as a stimulus to induce fear in predator naive rats, mice, and voles. The aim of the present review is to summarize these studies. We present an overview to the autonomic and behavioral changes that are induced by TMT exposure. Then, we summarize the small number of studies that have examined the neural processing of the TMT stimulus. Finally, we compare these studies with those using a natural predator or predator odor to induce fear and discuss the possible use of TMT exposure in rodents as an animal model of unconditioned fear in humans.
神经科学领域的主要研究兴趣之一是对恐惧的神经基础进行调查。近年来，越来越多的研究使用红狐粪便中的一种成分——三甲基噻唑啉（TMT），作为刺激物来诱导未接触过捕食者的大鼠、小鼠和田鼠产生恐惧。本综述的目的是总结这些研究。我们概述了TMT暴露所引起的自主神经和行为变化。然后，我们总结了少数几项研究TMT刺激神经处理过程的研究。最后，我们将这些研究与使用天然捕食者或捕食者气味诱导恐惧的研究进行比较，并讨论在啮齿动物中使用TMT暴露作为人类无条件恐惧动物模型的可能性。
