van Hedel H J A, Tomatis L, Müller R
Spinal Cord Injury Center, Balgrist University Hospital, Forchstrasse 340, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland.
Gait Posture. 2006 Aug;24(1):35-45. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2005.06.015. Epub 2005 Aug 11.
During rehabilitation, many patient groups are being trained using bodyweight-supported treadmill training. However, little is known about modulation of time and distance parameters, joint movements and leg muscle EMG patterns by very low walking speeds or partial bodyweight unloading. We collected data from 20 healthy young volunteers who walked on a treadmill at walking speeds varying between 0.5 and 5.0 km h(-1) (0.14-1.39 ms(-1)) and with 0%, 25%, 50% and 75% bodyweight unloading. We found that cadence and stride length were largely influenced by walking speed, while bodyweight unloading influenced these measures only at 75%. However, the relative duration of the gait phases changed largely only at walking speeds less than 2.5 km h(-1), but was influenced by all different bodyweight unloading conditions. Joint trajectories of knee and ankle joint, as well as leg muscle EMG activity patterns changed largely at walking speeds slower than 2.5 km h(-1) and with 75% bodyweight unloading. We concluded that the parameters we investigated changed minimally at walking speeds faster than 2.5 km h(-1) and bodyweight unloading conditions less than 50%. Therefore, standards for EMG activity and joint angle trajectories should only be compared when the training is done with velocities higher than 2.5 km h(-1) and less than 50% body weight unloading.
在康复过程中，许多患者群体正在接受体重支持式跑步机训练。然而，对于极低步行速度或部分体重卸载对时间和距离参数、关节运动以及腿部肌肉肌电图模式的调节作用，我们知之甚少。我们收集了20名健康年轻志愿者的数据，他们在跑步机上以0.5至5.0千米/小时（0.14 - 1.39米/秒）的步行速度行走，且体重卸载比例分别为0%、25%、50%和75%。我们发现，步频和步幅在很大程度上受步行速度影响，而体重卸载仅在75%时对这些指标有影响。然而，步态阶段的相对持续时间仅在步行速度低于2.5千米/小时时变化较大，但受所有不同体重卸载条件的影响。膝关节和踝关节的关节轨迹以及腿部肌肉肌电图活动模式在步行速度低于2.5千米/小时且体重卸载75%时变化较大。我们得出结论，在步行速度高于2.5千米/小时且体重卸载条件低于50%时，我们所研究的参数变化极小。因此，只有在训练速度高于2.5千米/小时且体重卸载低于50%时，才应比较肌电图活动和关节角度轨迹的标准。
