人格与饮食失调：十年回顾

Personality and eating disorders: a decade in review.

作者信息

Cassin Stephanie E, von Ranson Kristin M

机构信息

Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. N.W., Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4.

出版信息

Clin Psychol Rev. 2005 Nov;25(7):895-916. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2005.04.012.

DOI:10.1016/j.cpr.2005.04.012

PMID:16099563

Abstract

Personality traits have been implicated in the onset, symptomatic expression, and maintenance of eating disorders (EDs). The present article reviews literature examining the link between personality and EDs published within the past decade, and presents a meta-analysis evaluating the prevalence of personality disorders (PDs) in anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge eating disorder (BED) as assessed by self-report instruments versus diagnostic interviews. AN and BN are both consistently characterized by perfectionism, obsessive-compulsiveness, neuroticism, negative emotionality, harm avoidance, low self-directedness, low cooperativeness, and traits associated with avoidant PD. Consistent differences that emerge between ED groups are high constraint and persistence and low novelty seeking in AN and high impulsivity, sensation seeking, novelty seeking, and traits associated with borderline PD in BN. The meta-analysis, which found PD rates of 0 to 58% among individuals with AN and BN, documented that self-report instruments greatly overestimate the prevalence of every PD.

摘要

人格特质与饮食失调（EDs）的发病、症状表现及维持有关。本文回顾了过去十年间发表的有关人格与饮食失调之间联系的文献，并进行了一项荟萃分析，以评估通过自我报告工具与诊断访谈评估的神经性厌食症（AN）、神经性贪食症（BN）和暴饮暴食症（BED）中人格障碍（PDs）的患病率。AN和BN都始终具有完美主义、强迫性、神经质、消极情绪、回避伤害、低自我导向、低合作性以及与回避型人格障碍相关的特质等特征。饮食失调组之间出现的一致差异是，AN中具有高约束性和坚持性以及低寻求新奇性，而BN中具有高冲动性、寻求刺激、寻求新奇性以及与边缘型人格障碍相关的特质。荟萃分析发现，AN和BN个体中人格障碍的发生率在0%至58%之间，该分析记录表明自我报告工具大大高估了每种人格障碍的患病率。