Hasserjian Robert P, Ströbel Philip, Marx Alexander
James Homer Wright Pathology Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2005 Spring;17(1):2-11. doi: 10.1053/j.semtcvs.2004.12.002.
As the thymus is composed of heterogeneous admixture of lymphoid and epithelial elements, tumors originating in the thymus may be of varied histologic types. Thymomas are the most common thymic tumor in adults. Thymoma classification has historically been controversial, but a system put forth by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2004 has been generally accepted as a reproducible and clinically relevant classification. In addition to histologic subtype, tumor stage and resection status are important factors in determining outcome in thymomas. Thymic lymphomas typically occur in younger patients than thymomas. The most common thymic lymphomas are precursor T-lymphoblastic lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, and primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma. Thorough histologic sampling and, in some cases, the appropriate use of ancillary studies such as immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and molecular studies, are important in proper pathologic evaluation of thymic tumors.
由于胸腺由淋巴细胞和上皮细胞成分的异质混合物组成，起源于胸腺的肿瘤可能有多种组织学类型。胸腺瘤是成人中最常见的胸腺肿瘤。胸腺瘤的分类在历史上一直存在争议，但世界卫生组织（WHO）2004年提出的一个系统已被普遍接受为一种可重复且与临床相关的分类。除了组织学亚型外，肿瘤分期和切除状态是决定胸腺瘤预后的重要因素。胸腺淋巴瘤通常比胸腺瘤发生在更年轻的患者中。最常见的胸腺淋巴瘤是前体T淋巴细胞母细胞淋巴瘤（precursor T-lymphoblastic lymphoma）、霍奇金淋巴瘤和原发性纵隔大B细胞淋巴瘤。彻底的组织学取样，以及在某些情况下适当使用免疫组织化学、流式细胞术和分子研究等辅助研究，对于胸腺肿瘤的正确病理评估很重要。
