通过健康教育提高五岁以下儿童的疫苗接种率。

Improving vaccination status of children under five through health education.

作者信息

Anjum Qudsia, Omair Aamir, Inam S N Bazmi, Ahmed Yousuf, Usman Yaseen, Shaikh Shazia

机构信息

Department of Community Health Sciences, Ziauddin Medical University, Karachi.

出版信息

J Pak Med Assoc. 2004 Dec;54(12):610-3.

PMID:16104487

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To improve awareness and knowledge of mothers regarding vaccine preventable diseases and the immunization status of children under five through health education messages by medical students, at Gulshane-Sikanderabad, a squatter settlement adjacent to Ziauddin Medical University, Karachi.

METHODS

The undergraduate medical students' visit families in the squatter settlement. This study compared the effect of intervention by medical students on vaccination status of children under five in the intervention households versus those without intervention. A baseline study was done in 1998 and a follow-up study was done after four years to assess the differences in knowledge and practices of mothers regarding immunization.

RESULTS

A total of 110 houses from block I and 207 houses from block V were selected. An increase of 22% (52% vs 30%) in block-I (p = 0.003) and 19% (32% vs 13%) increase in block V was seen in the utilization of PHC Center for vaccination (p = 0.001). Mothers' knowledge regarding the age when first vaccine is administered to the child, increased in the follow-up from 60% to 76.5% (p < 0.01) in block I and from 50% to 62% in block V. The immunization status increased significantly in block I from 46.5% to 75% after the intervention (p < 0.005), no significant difference could be seen in block V (p = 0.16). In the follow-up survey a significant difference was seen in the vaccination status between the two blocks (p = 0.001).

CONCLUSION

The health education messages significantly increased the vaccination status of children under 5 in the intervention area.

摘要

目的

通过医学生的健康教育信息，提高卡拉奇齐亚乌丁医科大学附近棚户区古勒沙内 - 西坎德阿巴德母亲们对疫苗可预防疾病的认识以及五岁以下儿童的免疫状况。

方法

本科医学生走访棚户区的家庭。本研究比较了医学生干预对干预家庭与未干预家庭中五岁以下儿童疫苗接种状况的影响。1998年进行了基线研究，四年后进行了随访研究，以评估母亲们在免疫方面的知识和行为差异。

结果

共选择了I区的110户家庭和V区的207户家庭。I区利用初级卫生保健中心进行疫苗接种的比例增加了22%（从30%增至52%，p = 0.003），V区增加了19%（从13%增至32%，p = 0.001）。母亲们关于首次给孩子接种疫苗年龄的知识，在随访中，I区从60%增至76.5%（p < 0.01），V区从50%增至62%。干预后，I区的免疫状况从46.5%显著增至75%（p < 0.005），V区未观察到显著差异（p = 0.16）。在随访调查中，两个区的疫苗接种状况存在显著差异（p = 0.001）。