Zurbrigg K, Kelton D, Anderson N, Millman S
Population Medicine Department, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada.
J Dairy Sci. 2005 Sep;88(9):3201-10. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)73003-4.
The objective of this study was to identify relationships between tie-stall design and selected cow-based injury, lameness, and cleanliness measurements. All lactating dairy cows (n = 17,893) from 317 Ontario tie-stall dairy farms were evaluated once between March and September 2003. Stall dimensions were recorded and cows were scored for neck and hock lesions, broken tails, back arch, hind claw rotation, and udder and hind limb cleanliness. Neck lesions were significantly associated with tie-rail height. Hock lesions were positively associated with presence of an electric trainer and hind limb and udder cleanliness and negatively associated with tie-chain length. A negative association was found between broken tails and tie-rail height and a positive association between broken tails and udder and hind limb cleanliness. As mean stall length increased, fewer cows had hind-claw rotation. Having more dirty cows was associated negatively with stall length and chain length, and positively associated with the presence of an electric trainer. Proportion of cows with clean udders increased with the percentage of cows with clean hind limbs and with tie-rail height. As the prevalence of clean udders increased the prevalence of broken tails decreased. This study provides insight into how tie-stall dimensions may influence aspects of dairy cow welfare. Application of these principles could improve tie-stall design.
本研究的目的是确定系栏设计与选定的基于奶牛的损伤、跛足和清洁度测量之间的关系。2003年3月至9月期间，对安大略省317个系栏式奶牛场的所有泌乳奶牛（n = 17,893头）进行了一次评估。记录了牛栏尺寸，并对奶牛的颈部和跗关节损伤、断尾、背部拱起、后爪旋转以及乳房和后肢清洁度进行了评分。颈部损伤与系栏高度显著相关。跗关节损伤与电刺激器的存在、后肢和乳房清洁度呈正相关，与系链长度呈负相关。断尾与系栏高度呈负相关，与乳房和后肢清洁度呈正相关。随着平均牛栏长度的增加, 后爪旋转的奶牛数量减少。脏奶牛数量较多与牛栏长度和系链长度呈负相关，与电刺激器的存在呈正相关。乳房清洁的奶牛比例随着后肢清洁的奶牛百分比和系栏高度的增加而增加。随着乳房清洁奶牛比例的增加，断尾奶牛的比例下降。本研究深入探讨了系栏尺寸如何影响奶牛福利的各个方面。应用这些原则可以改进系栏设计。
