Comstock R Dawn, Mallonee Sue
Injury Prevention Service, Oklahoma State Department of Health/Epidemiology Program Office, Division of Applied Public Health Training, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA.
Disasters. 2005 Sep;29(3):277-87. doi: 10.1111/j.0361-3666.2005.00291.x.
The authors compared the effect of the 3 May 1999 F5 and 8 May 2003 F3 tornadoes on the community of Moore, Oklahoma, by canvassing damaged areas after both tornadoes and surveying residents. Significantly more 1999 than 2003 residents reported property damage and injuries. Television and tornado sirens were the most common warnings each year, however, more 1999 residents received and responded to television warnings. Importantly, storm shelters were used more frequently in 2003. Fifty-one per cent of residents who experienced both tornadoes took the same amount of protective action in 2003 as they had in 1999; 22% took less; and 27% took more. Residents who took less action said that the reason for doing so was inadequate warning and shelter. First-hand experience of tornadoes prompts people to heed warnings when adequate notification is received and to take effective protective action when adequate shelter is available.
作者通过在1999年5月3日的F5级龙卷风以及2003年5月8日的F3级龙卷风过后走访受灾地区并对居民进行调查，比较了这两场龙卷风对俄克拉荷马州摩尔市社区的影响。报告财产损失和受伤情况的1999年居民显著多于2003年居民。电视和龙卷风警报器是每年最常见的预警方式，然而，1999年有更多居民收到并响应了电视预警。重要的是，2003年风暴避难所的使用更为频繁。经历过这两场龙卷风的居民中，51%在2003年采取的保护措施与1999年相同；22%采取的保护措施减少；27%采取的保护措施增多。采取保护措施减少的居民表示，这样做的原因是预警和避难所不足。龙卷风的亲身经历促使人们在收到充分通知时听从预警，并在有足够避难所时采取有效的保护行动。
