Henninger Heidi Pye, Watson Winsor H
University of New Hampshire, Zoology Department, Durham, NH 03824, USA.
J Exp Biol. 2005 Sep;208(Pt 17):3421-9. doi: 10.1242/jeb.01771.
American lobsters produce carapace vibrations, which also lead to waterborne acoustic signals, by simultaneously contracting the antagonistic remotor and promotor muscles located at the base of the second antenna. These vibrations have a mean frequency of 183.1 Hz (range 87-261 Hz), range in duration from 68 to 1720 ms (mean 277.1 ms) and lead to waterborne sounds of similar frequencies. Lobsters most often produce these signals using only one pair of muscles at a time and alternate between the muscles of the left and right antennae when making a series of vibrations. Occasionally, they vibrate their carapace by simultaneously contracting both sets of muscles. While the remotor muscle is required for producing carapace vibrations, the promotor appears to play a secondary role. Electrical stimulation of the remotor, but not the promotor, results in the production of vibrations, while lesions of the remotor, but not promotor, eliminate the ability of lobsters to vibrate their carapace. Lobsters of all sizes and both sexes produce these signals when startled, grasped or threatened. However, at this time, the behavioral significance of vibration and/or sound production by American lobsters is not known.
美洲龙虾通过同时收缩位于第二触角基部的拮抗牵引肌和推进肌来产生头胸甲振动，这种振动也会产生水体声信号。这些振动的平均频率为183.1赫兹（范围为87 - 261赫兹），持续时间在68至1720毫秒之间（平均为277.1毫秒），并产生频率相似的水体声音。龙虾产生这些信号时，通常一次仅使用一对肌肉，在进行一系列振动时，左右触角的肌肉交替使用。偶尔，它们会通过同时收缩两组肌肉来振动头胸甲。虽然产生头胸甲振动需要牵引肌，但推进肌似乎起次要作用。对牵引肌而非推进肌进行电刺激会导致振动产生，而破坏牵引肌而非推进肌则会消除龙虾振动头胸甲的能力。所有大小和性别的龙虾在受到惊吓、被抓住或受到威胁时都会产生这些信号。然而，目前美洲龙虾振动和/或发声的行为意义尚不清楚。
