den Hollander J M, Burm A G, Vletter A A, Bovill J G
Department of Anaesthesiology, Leiden University Hospital, The Netherlands.
J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 1992 Jun;6(3):313-5. doi: 10.1016/1053-0770(92)90147-y.
The pharmacokinetics of alfentanil before and after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were investigated in six pigs undergoing mitral valve replacement. Before bypass, alfentanil, 100 micrograms/kg, was infused in 10 minutes and after bypass, alfentanil, 40 micrograms/kg, was infused in 10 minutes. Low inspiratory concentrations of halothane were given concomitantly. Arterial blood was obtained before and after CPB for determination of plasma alfentanil concentrations by gas chromatography. Bi-exponential functions were fitted to the plasma concentration-time data using weighted least-squares nonlinear regression analysis. The steady-state volume of distribution (Vss; 258 +/- 70 mL/kg), elimination clearance (Cle; 10.7 +/- 3.0 mL/kg/min), and distribution clearance (Cld; 6.8 +/- 3.3 mL/kg/min) before CPB were smaller than the Vss (1,107 +/- 373 mL/kg; P less than 0.01), Cle (20.0 +/- 3.0 mL/kg/min; P less than 0.002), and Cld (23.0 +/- 6.7 mL/kg/min; P less than 0.02) after CPB. The distribution half-life (t1/2 lambda 1; 2.8 +/- 0.8 minutes) was longer and the elimination half-life (t1/2 lambda 2; 36 +/- 8 minutes) was shorter before CPB than the t1/2 lambda 1 (1.7 +/- 0.2 minutes; P less than 0.05) and t1/2 lambda 2 (68 +/- 20 minutes; P less than 0.02) after CPB.
在六只接受二尖瓣置换术的猪身上研究了心肺转流（CPB）前后阿芬太尼的药代动力学。在转流前，10分钟内输注100微克/千克的阿芬太尼，转流后，10分钟内输注40微克/千克的阿芬太尼。同时给予低吸入浓度的氟烷。在CPB前后采集动脉血，通过气相色谱法测定血浆阿芬太尼浓度。使用加权最小二乘非线性回归分析将双指数函数拟合到血浆浓度-时间数据。CPB前的稳态分布容积（Vss；258±70毫升/千克）、清除率（Cle；10.7±3.0毫升/千克/分钟）和分布清除率（Cld；6.8±3.3毫升/千克/分钟）小于CPB后的Vss（1107±373毫升/千克；P＜0.01）、Cle（20.0±3.0毫升/千克/分钟；P＜0.002）和Cld（23.0±6.7毫升/千克/分钟；P＜0.02）。CPB前的分布半衰期（t1/2λ1；2.8±0.8分钟）比CPB后的t1/2λ1（1.7±0.2分钟；P＜0.05）长，消除半衰期（t1/2λ2；36±8分钟）比CPB后的t1/2λ2（68±20分钟；P＜0.02）短。
