Mata Ana M, Sepúlveda M Rosario
Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda de Elvas 06071 Badajoz, Spain.
Brain Res Brain Res Rev. 2005 Sep;49(2):398-405. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.11.004. Epub 2005 Jan 6.
Two families of Ca2+ transport ATPases are involved in the maintenance of Ca2+ homeostasis in the nervous system, the plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase that pumps Ca2+ to the extracellular medium and the intracellular sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase that transports Ca2+ from the cytosol to the endoplasmic reticulum. Both types of calcium pumps show precise regulatory properties and they are localized in specific subcellular regions. In this review, we describe the functional and regulatory properties of both families of calcium pumps, their distribution in nerve cells, and their involvement in neurological disorders. The functional characterization of neuronal calcium pumps is very important in order to understand the biochemical processes involved in the maintenance of intracellular calcium in synaptic terminals.
两类钙离子转运ATP酶参与维持神经系统中的钙离子稳态，即质膜钙离子ATP酶，它将钙离子泵入细胞外介质，以及细胞内肌浆网/内质网钙离子ATP酶，它将钙离子从细胞质转运到内质网。这两种类型的钙泵都表现出精确的调节特性，并且它们定位于特定的亚细胞区域。在这篇综述中，我们描述了这两类钙泵的功能和调节特性、它们在神经细胞中的分布以及它们与神经疾病的关系。为了理解突触终末中维持细胞内钙离子所涉及的生化过程，神经元钙泵的功能特性非常重要。
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