Nussdorfer Gastone G, Spinazzi Raffaella, Mazzocchi Giuseppina
Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology, Section of Anatomy, University of Padua, I-35121 Padua, Italy.
Vitam Horm. 2005;71:433-53. doi: 10.1016/S0083-6729(05)71015-3.
Cholecystokinin, or CCK, is a 33-amino acid peptide, originally considered a gut hormone, that acts via two subtypes of receptors, named CCK1-R and CCK2-R. CCK, along with its receptors, has been subsequently localized in the central nervous system, where it exerts, among other fuctions, antiorexinogenic actions. In this survey, we describe findings indicating that CCK, similar to other peptides modulating food intake (e.g., neuropeptide Y, leptin, and orexins), is also able to regulate the function of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis, acting on both its central and peripheral branches. CCK stimulates aldosterone secretion via specific receptors (CCK1-Rs and CCK2-Rs in rats, and CCK2-Rs in humans) located in zona glomerulosa cells and coupled to the adenylate cyclase-dependent signaling cascade; and enhances glucocorticoid secretion from zona fasciculata-reticularis cells via an indirect mechanism mainly involving the CCK2-R-mediated stimulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone-dependent ACTH release.
胆囊收缩素，即CCK，是一种由33个氨基酸组成的肽，最初被认为是一种胃肠激素，它通过两种受体亚型发挥作用，分别命名为CCK1-R和CCK2-R。随后，CCK及其受体在中枢神经系统中被定位，在那里它除了发挥其他功能外，还具有抗食欲素生成作用。在本综述中，我们描述了一些研究结果，这些结果表明，与其他调节食物摄入的肽（如神经肽Y、瘦素和食欲素）类似，CCK也能够调节下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴的功能，作用于其中枢和外周分支。CCK通过位于球状带细胞中的特定受体（大鼠中的CCK1-R和CCK2-R，人类中的CCK2-R）刺激醛固酮分泌，这些受体与腺苷酸环化酶依赖性信号级联反应偶联；并通过一种主要涉及CCK2-R介导的促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素依赖性促肾上腺皮质激素释放刺激的间接机制，增强束状带-网状带细胞的糖皮质激素分泌。
