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呼吸道合胞病毒感染后的抗病毒免疫反应与肺部炎症

Antiviral immune responses and lung inflammation after respiratory syncytial virus infection.

作者信息

Openshaw Peter J M

机构信息

Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Heart and Lung and Wright Fleming Institutes, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Paddington, London W2 1PG, UK.

出版信息

Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2005;2(2):121-5. doi: 10.1513/pats.200504-032AW.

Abstract

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the commonest and most troublesome viruses of infancy. It causes most cases of bronchiolitis, which is associated with wheezing in later childhood. In primary infection, the peak of disease coincides not with the peak of viral replication but with the development of specific T and B cell responses. This immune response is apparently responsible for much of the disease. Animal models clearly show that a range of immune responses can enhance disease severity, particularly after vaccination with formalin-inactivated RSV. Prior immune sensitization leads to exuberant chemokine production, an excessive cellular influx, and an overabundance of cytokines during RSV challenge. The inflammatory host response to viral infection may be relevant not only to childhood bronchiolitis, but also to obstructive lung diseases in adults.

摘要

呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)是婴儿期最常见、最麻烦的病毒之一。它导致大多数毛细支气管炎病例,而毛细支气管炎与儿童后期的喘息有关。在初次感染时,疾病的高峰期并非与病毒复制的高峰期重合,而是与特异性T细胞和B细胞反应的发展相吻合。这种免疫反应显然是导致大部分疾病的原因。动物模型清楚地表明,一系列免疫反应会加重疾病的严重程度,尤其是在用福尔马林灭活的RSV进行疫苗接种后。先前的免疫致敏会导致在RSV攻击期间趋化因子大量产生、细胞过度流入以及细胞因子过多。宿主对病毒感染的炎症反应可能不仅与儿童毛细支气管炎有关,还与成人的阻塞性肺部疾病有关。

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