Taylor M J D, Dabnichki P, Strike S C
Roehampton University, School of Human and Life Sciences Whitelands College, Holybourne Avenue, London SW15 4JD, UK.
Hum Mov Sci. 2005 Aug;24(4):558-73. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2005.07.005. Epub 2005 Aug 29.
Two main strategies for turning exist, the step and spin turns. A three-dimensional analytical comparison between these strategies has not been reported in the literature. Establishing differences between the two strategies is important if providing gait-training advice to clinical populations. The study is the first to compare 90 degrees spin and step turns on the basis of three-dimensional kinematic and kinetic analysis. The turns were free of constraints, thus participants knew when to turn resulting in feed-forward control. Two separate and distinct spin turn sub-strategies were used, the 'ipsilateral crossover' and 'ipsilateral pivot'. These turns required increased range of motion (RoM) in the transverse plane and greater muscular demand than the step turn. The step turn provided a number of advantages over the spin turns, such as keeping a wide base of support, it did not require increased co-ordination, RoM out of the sagittal plane and moments were generally less than the spin turns and no more demanding than straight gait. Further work involving many more participants is required to validate these initial findings.
存在两种主要的转身策略，即步转和旋转变。文献中尚未报道过对这两种策略进行的三维分析比较。如果要为临床人群提供步态训练建议，明确这两种策略之间的差异很重要。本研究首次基于三维运动学和动力学分析对90度旋转变和步转进行比较。这些转身不受约束，因此参与者知道何时转身，从而实现前馈控制。使用了两种单独且不同的旋转变子策略，即“同侧交叉”和“同侧枢转”。与步转相比，这些转身需要在横平面上增加运动范围（RoM），并且对肌肉的需求更大。步转相对于旋转变具有许多优势，例如保持较宽的支撑基底，不需要增加协调性，矢状面外的RoM和力矩通常小于旋转变，并且不比直线步态要求更高。需要开展涉及更多参与者的进一步研究来验证这些初步发现。
