Bootzin R R, Perlis M L
Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721.
J Clin Psychiatry. 1992 Jun;53 Suppl:37-41.
Nonpharmacologic treatments that have been evaluated for insomnia are reviewed. These include sleep hygiene techniques, stimulus control instructions, sleep restriction, chronotherapy, bright light therapy, relaxation training, biofeedback, paradoxical intention, and cognitive therapy. Comparative studies of the different treatments indicate considerable overlap in effectiveness. Direct comparisons between treatments have shown stimulus control instructions to be more effective than either relaxation training or paradoxical intention. Further research is needed on the tailoring of treatments to patient needs, as are more detailed comparisons between pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments.
对已评估的失眠非药物治疗方法进行了综述。这些方法包括睡眠卫生技巧、刺激控制指导、睡眠限制、时间疗法、强光疗法、放松训练、生物反馈、矛盾意向法和认知疗法。不同治疗方法的比较研究表明，它们在有效性方面有相当大的重叠。治疗方法之间的直接比较显示，刺激控制指导比放松训练或矛盾意向法更有效。需要针对患者需求对治疗方法进行调整的进一步研究，以及对药物治疗和非药物治疗进行更详细比较的研究。
