Singer Carlos, Papapetropoulos Spiridon, Farronay Oscar
Department of Neurology, University of Miami, School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA.
Pediatr Neurol. 2005 Sep;33(3):220-2. doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2005.03.008.
Hemifacial spasm is a disorder characterized by involuntary contractions of muscles innervated by the ipsilateral facial nerve. The majority of cases are of adult-onset. However, a few cases have been described in children. Detectable causes of pediatric hemifacial spasm include facial nerve compression by vasculature and brainstem masses. In the treatment of hemifacial spasm, surgical decompression of the facial nerve has been used with good results in both adults and children. However, surgical procedures have serious risks and should be used only in selected cases. Although injections of botulinum toxin type A have been successfully used in adult hemifacial spasm patients, to our knowledge there is no report of use of this indication in children. This report presents the first case of a pediatric patient with childhood-onset hemifacial spasm successfully treated with periorbital botulinum toxin injections. The literature on the subject is also reviewed.
半面痉挛是一种以同侧面神经支配的肌肉不自主收缩为特征的疾病。大多数病例为成人起病。然而，也有少数儿童病例的报道。小儿半面痉挛的可检测病因包括血管和脑干肿块对面神经的压迫。在半面痉挛的治疗中，面神经手术减压在成人和儿童中均取得了良好效果。然而，手术操作存在严重风险，应仅在特定病例中使用。尽管A型肉毒杆菌毒素注射已成功用于成人半面痉挛患者，但据我们所知，尚无该适应证用于儿童的报道。本报告介绍了首例儿童起病的半面痉挛患儿经眶周肉毒杆菌毒素注射成功治疗的病例。同时也对该主题的文献进行了综述。
