Pawlowska Teresa E
Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA.
FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2005 Oct 15;251(2):185-92. doi: 10.1016/j.femsle.2005.08.007.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi (Glomeromycota) colonize roots of the majority of land plants and facilitate their mineral nutrient uptake. Consequently, AM fungi play an important role in terrestrial ecosystems and are becoming a component of sustainable land management practices. The absence of sexual reproductive structures in modern Glomeromycota combined with their long evolutionary history suggest that these fungi may represent an ancient asexual lineage of great potential interest to evolutionary biology. However, many aspects of basic AM fungal biology, including genome structure, within-individual genetic variation, and reproductive mode are poorly understood. These knowledge gaps hinder research on the mechanisms of AM fungal interactions with individual plants and plant communities, and utilization of AM fungi in agricultural practices. I present here the current state of research on the reproduction in AM fungi and indicate what new findings can be expected in the future.
丛枝菌根（AM）真菌（球囊菌门）定殖于大多数陆地植物的根系，促进植物对矿质养分的吸收。因此，AM真菌在陆地生态系统中发挥着重要作用，并正成为可持续土地管理实践的一个组成部分。现代球囊菌门缺乏有性生殖结构，加上其漫长的进化历史，表明这些真菌可能代表了一个对进化生物学极具潜在研究价值的古老无性谱系。然而，AM真菌基础生物学的许多方面，包括基因组结构、个体内遗传变异和繁殖方式，目前仍知之甚少。这些知识空白阻碍了对AM真菌与单株植物及植物群落相互作用机制的研究，以及AM真菌在农业实践中的应用。我在此介绍AM真菌繁殖方面的当前研究现状，并指出未来有望获得的新发现。
