Bai Y, Sunde M L, Cook M E
Departments of Nutritional and Poultry Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706.
Poult Sci. 1992 Jun;71(6):1007-14. doi: 10.3382/ps.0711007.
Three long-term experiments were conducted to evaluate the possibility of using wheat middlings (WM) for laying hens and to study the responses of six strains of commercial laying hens fed WM diet. In Experiment 1,320 layers maintained in floor pens were fed diets containing 45% WM with .25 or .75% salt, or 89% WM with .25% or 1.5% salt. Salt supplementation did not show any beneficial effect on egg production. Hen-day egg production by hens fed the 45% WM diet was significantly higher for hens fed 45% WM than for those fed the 89% WM diet (79 versus 67.5%, 44-wk period). Feed, limestone, and water intakes were increased by the 89% WM diet. Yolk color, Haugh units, hen livability, and reproductive parameters were not different among the dietary treatments. In Experiments 2 and 3, laying hens from six commercial strains (four strains each experiment, 240 hens per strain) were maintained in laying cages in each year, and fed either a corn and soybean meal (CSM) or a 25% WM diet. Results show that neither diet nor strain had effects on hen-day egg production; however, egg weights from Strains A, C, and F were heavier than those from Strains B, D, and E. Feed intakes and feed utilizations were similar among the s trains. The 25% WM diet increased egg weight, feed intake, and feed utilization compared with the CSM diet. Livability of hens was 93.8 to 97.5% and was not affected by either strain or diet. It is concluded that commercial strains of laying hens can be fed diets containing 25 to 45% WM and still have normal hen-day egg production although feed utilization will be poorer.
进行了三项长期试验，以评估使用小麦麸皮（WM）喂养蛋鸡的可能性，并研究六种商业蛋鸡品系对含WM日粮的反应。在试验1中，将320只地面平养的蛋鸡喂以含45% WM且盐含量为0.25%或0.75%的日粮，或含89% WM且盐含量为0.25%或1.5%的日粮。补充盐分对产蛋量未显示出任何有益影响。在44周的试验期内，饲喂45% WM日粮的母鸡的日产蛋量显著高于饲喂89% WM日粮的母鸡（分别为79%和67.5%）。89% WM日粮使饲料、石灰石和水的摄入量增加。日粮处理之间的蛋黄颜色、哈夫单位、母鸡存活率和繁殖参数没有差异。在试验2和试验3中，每年将来自六个商业品系的蛋鸡（每个试验四个品系，每个品系240只母鸡）饲养在产蛋笼中，并喂以玉米和豆粕（CSM）日粮或含25% WM的日粮。结果表明，日粮和品系对日产蛋量均无影响；然而，A、C和F品系的蛋重比B、D和E品系的蛋重更重。各品系之间的采食量和饲料利用率相似。与CSM日粮相比，含25% WM的日粮增加了蛋重、采食量和饲料利用率。母鸡的存活率为93.8%至97.5%，不受品系或日粮的影响。得出的结论是，商业蛋鸡品系可以饲喂含25%至45% WM的日粮，并且仍能保持正常的日产蛋量，尽管饲料利用率会较低。
