Jost R
Departements für Innere Medizin, Universitätsspital Zürich.
Ther Umsch. 1992 Apr;49(4):245-9.
The diagnosis of bacterial gastrointestinal infections is based on anamnesis, clinical signs and simple examinations of feces (fecal leucocytes, occult blood). Thereby it can be decided, whether a microbial identification by culture or an antibiotic therapy is indicated. In case of noninvasive infections mediated by enterotoxins, an oral substitution of liquid will suffice. An antibiotic therapy is indicated in case of severe, febrile dysentery, shigellosis, cholera, typhoid fever as well as severe infections by salmonella and clostridium difficile.
细菌性胃肠道感染的诊断基于病史、临床症状以及粪便的简单检查(粪便白细胞、潜血)。由此可以决定是否需要通过培养进行微生物鉴定或进行抗生素治疗。对于由肠毒素介导的非侵袭性感染,口服补充液体就足够了。对于严重的发热性痢疾、志贺氏菌病、霍乱、伤寒以及沙门氏菌和艰难梭菌引起的严重感染,则需要进行抗生素治疗。