Papathakis Peggy C, Rollins Nigel C, Brown Kenneth H, Bennish Michael L, Van Loan Marta D
Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, Somekele, South Africa.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 Sep;82(3):538-46. doi: 10.1093/ajcn.82.3.538.
The effect of breastfeeding on the nutrition of HIV-infected (HIV+) mothers is unknown. Simple, valid methods are needed for body-composition assessment of HIV+ women.
We compared the ability of bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) and anthropometry with that of isotope dilution (2H2O) to measure fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) in HIV+ and HIV-uninfected (HIV-) breastfeeding South African mothers.
Total body water (TBW) content of 68 lactating mothers (20 HIV+, 48 HIV-) was measured 10 wk after delivery by using BIS and 2H2O to measure FFM and FM. Anthropometric measurements included body mass index (BMI; in kg/m2), midupper arm circumference (MUAC), and 4 skinfold thicknesses.
TBW, FFM, and FM measurements determined by BIS were correlated with 2H2O measurements in HIV+ (r = 0.664, 0.621, and 0.872, respectively; P < 0.01) and HIV- (r = 0.876, 0.868, and 0.932, respectively; P < 0.001) mothers. TBW measured by BIS was greater than that measured by the 2H2O method in both HIV+ (1.8 L) and HIV- (1.5 L) women; FM or FFM did not differ significantly by method. BMI, MUAC, and all skinfold-thickness measurements correlated strongly (r > 0.62, P < 0.001) with FM measured by 2H2O in both groups. BMI and MUAC correlated (r > 0.64, P < 0.001) with FFM in HIV- mothers but not in HIV+ mothers.
In HIV+ and HIV- breastfeeding mothers, BIS provides an estimate of body composition comparable to that obtained with the 2H2O method. BMI and MUAC are useful in predicting FM in both groups but are not valid measures of FFM in HIV+ mothers.
母乳喂养对感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的母亲营养状况的影响尚不清楚。需要简单、有效的方法来评估HIV感染女性的身体成分。
我们比较了生物电阻抗光谱法（BIS）和人体测量法与同位素稀释法（2H2O）测量南非HIV感染和未感染HIV的哺乳期母亲去脂体重（FFM）和脂肪量（FM）的能力。
68名哺乳期母亲（20名HIV感染，48名未感染HIV）在分娩后10周时使用BIS和2H2O测量FFM和FM，以此测量总体水（TBW）含量。人体测量指标包括体重指数（BMI，单位：kg/m2）、上臂中部周长（MUAC）和4个皮褶厚度。
BIS测定的TBW、FFM和FM与HIV感染母亲（r分别为0.664、0.621和0.872；P<0.01）及未感染HIV母亲（r分别为0.876、0.868和0.932；P<0.001）的2H2O测量值相关。BIS测量的TBW在HIV感染女性（1.8L）和未感染HIV女性（1.5L）中均高于2H2O法测量值；两种方法测量的FM或FFM无显著差异。两组中，BMI、MUAC和所有皮褶厚度测量值与2H2O测量的FM均呈强相关（r>0.62，P<0.001）。BMI和MUAC与未感染HIV母亲的FFM相关（r>0.64，P<0.001），但与HIV感染母亲的FFM不相关。
在HIV感染和未感染HIV的哺乳期母亲中，BIS对身体成分的评估结果与2H2O法相当。BMI和MUAC在两组中都有助于预测FM，但对HIV感染母亲而言并非有效的FFM测量指标。
