Pérez Gómez J M, Tiberio López G
Centro de Salud de Chantrea, Hospital Virgen del Camino, Pamplona.
Aten Primaria. 1992 May;9(7):365-9.
To find the extent of cognitive deterioration and dementias and their approximate etiology, in Pamplona's geriatric population.
Crossover study. SITE. Pamplona's geriatric population.
Sample of 393 people over 64, drawn in random fashion from among the population of this age Pamplona. Ordered according to sex and age group.
The diagnostic sequence followed for the evaluation of the level of cognitive deterioration was that of Folstein's Minimental test; then the DSM-111 criteria for diagnosing dementia; and the attempt to define dementias by means of the Hachinski scale. Scores lower than 24 were observed in 24.9% of old people, reaching 82.8% in those over 84. Dementia affected 8.9% of people older than 64, and as many as 55.2% of those over 84. The aetiology of these dementias is, according to the Hachinski scale, parenchymatous in 42.8% of cases, mixed or doubtful in another 42.8% and vascular in 14.4%. Both the low educational level of those patients suffering dementia and their serious functional deterioration were notable.
A high level of dementias exists in our elderly population. A big percentage of these are overlooked as concrete clinical phenomena, although their formal diagnosis at the Primary Care stage is relatively simple and extremely useful in order to tackle the earliest and most treatable cases.
了解潘普洛纳老年人群认知功能衰退及痴呆的程度及其大致病因。
交叉研究。地点：潘普洛纳老年人群。
从潘普洛纳这个年龄段的人群中随机抽取393名64岁以上的人作为样本。按性别和年龄组排序。
评估认知功能衰退程度所遵循的诊断顺序为福尔斯坦简易精神状态检查表；然后是诊断痴呆的《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版标准；并尝试通过哈金斯基量表来界定痴呆类型。24.9%的老年人得分低于24分，84岁以上人群中这一比例达到82.8%。痴呆影响了64岁以上人群中的8.9%，84岁以上人群中高达55.2%。根据哈金斯基量表，这些痴呆的病因在42.8%的病例中为实质性的，在另外42.8%的病例中为混合型或可疑型，14.4%为血管性的。痴呆患者的低教育水平及其严重的功能衰退都很明显。
我们的老年人群中痴呆发生率较高。尽管在初级保健阶段对这些痴呆进行正式诊断相对简单且对处理最早且最可治疗的病例极为有用，但很大一部分痴呆作为具体临床现象被忽视了。
