Brocklehurst N J, Hook G, Bond M, Goodwin S
Public Health Practice Development, City of London, and University of the West of England, Bristol, UK.
Public Health. 2005 Nov;119(11):995-1002. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2005.08.012. Epub 2005 Sep 26.
The paper focuses on public health practitioners who collectively represent one of three key workforce groups identified by England's Chief Medical Officer as critical to the successful delivery of national public health policy priorities.
We report on two areas of work which attempt to address the following two-part question: in developing the public health practitioner workforce in England, what is needed, and how do we do it?
First, we describe a five-component conceptual framework for developing the public health workforce which is grounded in data derived from a national Open Space event hosted by the University of the West of England in March 2005. The five components are (i) strategic support and oversight; (ii) national technical and professional support; (iii) national career building; (iv) local organisational development, and (v) sub-regional skills development. Key elements of each component are described in the paper. Second, we describe in some detail a new multidisciplinary skills development programme which illustrates one of the framework components (sub-regional skills development). The programme, established in January 2005, is aimed at three key groups of public health practitioners: health visitors (specialist community public health nurse), school nurses and environmental health officers. Its main features and some initial evaluation findings are presented.
To be effective, activities aimed at supporting the development of the public health practitioner workforce should, where possible, aim to be congruent with core public health principles of self-determination and collective responsibility. We also conclude that leadership and vision at a national level, combined with local implementation of evidence-based training programme such as the one described could help to achieve much greater and more rapid progress in skilling up the existing public health practitioner workforce than has been possible up to now. But we note that this requires sustained investment, robust sector-wide delivery frameworks, and a group of committed local public health champions.
本文聚焦于公共卫生从业者，他们共同构成了英国首席医疗官认定的对成功实施国家公共卫生政策重点至关重要的三个关键劳动力群体之一。
我们报告了两个工作领域，试图回答以下两部分问题：在发展英格兰的公共卫生从业者劳动力方面，需要什么以及如何去做？
首先，我们描述了一个用于发展公共卫生劳动力的五部分概念框架，该框架基于2005年3月由西英格兰大学举办的一次全国开放空间活动得出的数据。这五个部分分别是：（i）战略支持与监督；（ii）国家技术和专业支持；（iii）国家职业发展；（iv）地方组织发展，以及（v）次区域技能发展。本文描述了每个部分的关键要素。其次，我们详细描述了一个新的多学科技能发展项目，该项目说明了框架的一个组成部分（次区域技能发展）。该项目于2005年1月设立，针对三类关键的公共卫生从业者群体：健康访视员（社区公共卫生专科护士）、学校护士和环境卫生官员。介绍了其主要特点和一些初步评估结果。
为有效支持公共卫生从业者劳动力的发展，相关活动应尽可能符合自决和集体责任等核心公共卫生原则。我们还得出结论，国家层面的领导力和愿景，结合地方实施诸如本文所述的循证培训项目，有助于在提升现有公共卫生从业者劳动力技能方面取得比以往更大、更快的进展。但我们指出，这需要持续投资、稳健的全行业实施框架，以及一群坚定的地方公共卫生倡导者。
