Ottl Anton, Ritter Stephan, Köhl Michael, Esslinger Tilman
Institute of Quantum Electronics, ETH Zürich, Hönggerberg, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
Phys Rev Lett. 2005 Aug 26;95(9):090404. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.090404.
We demonstrate time-resolved counting of single atoms extracted from a weakly interacting Bose-Einstein condensate of 87Rb atoms. The atoms are detected with a high-finesse optical cavity and single atom transits are identified. An atom laser beam is formed by continuously output coupling atoms from the Bose-Einstein condensate. We investigate the full counting statistics of this beam and measure its second order correlation function g((2))(tau) in a Hanbury Brown-Twiss type experiment. For the monoenergetic atom laser we observe a constant correlation function g((2))(tau)=1.00 +/- 0.01 and an atom number distribution close to a Poissonian statistics. A pseudothermal atomic beam shows a bunching behavior and a Bose distributed counting statistics.
我们展示了从87Rb原子的弱相互作用玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中提取的单个原子的时间分辨计数。通过一个高精细度光学腔对原子进行探测,并识别单个原子的跃迁。通过连续从玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中输出耦合原子形成原子激光束。我们研究了该光束的全计数统计,并在汉伯里·布朗-特威斯型实验中测量了其二阶关联函数g((2))(τ)。对于单能原子激光,我们观察到一个恒定的关联函数g((2))(τ)=1.00±0.01,以及接近泊松统计的原子数分布。一个伪热原子束表现出聚束行为和玻色分布的计数统计。