Dalla Palma Ludovico, Morra Aldo, Grotto Maurizio
Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Morfologiche e Tecnologiche, Università degli Studi, Trieste.
Radiol Med. 2005 Sep;110(3):170-8.
In this paper we present an overview of CT-Urography. With the advent of multislice CT scanners and the evolution of image processing methods this technique now affords optimal urographic images comparable to those obtained with conventional techniques. We describe the acquisition techniques and protocols used by the various authors. Effective radiation dose has conditioned the use of CT-Urography so that the tendency today is to reduce the number of scans by performing, after the nonenhanced scan, a single contrast-enhanced scan comprising both the nephrographic and urographic phase. With the use of multislice CT the quality of the urogram improves with the number of slices. We illustrate a variety of processing techniques, multiplanar reconstruction (MPR), maximum (MIP) and average intensity projection (AIP) and volume rendering (VR) and present a series of upper urinary tract tumours testifying to the superiority of the AIP technique over MIP. We then review the results of comparative studies of CT-Urography with conventional urography in upper urinary tract diagnostics. Finally, we describe the advantages and limitations of CT-Urography.
在本文中，我们对CT尿路造影进行概述。随着多层CT扫描仪的出现以及图像处理方法的发展，这项技术如今能够提供与传统技术所获图像相当的最佳尿路造影图像。我们描述了不同作者所使用的采集技术和方案。有效辐射剂量限制了CT尿路造影的使用，因此如今的趋势是在非增强扫描后，通过进行一次包含肾实质期和尿路造影期的单一对比增强扫描来减少扫描次数。随着多层CT的使用，尿路造影的质量会随着层数的增加而提高。我们阐述了多种处理技术，包括多平面重建（MPR）、最大密度投影（MIP）、平均密度投影（AIP）和容积再现（VR），并展示了一系列上尿路肿瘤病例，证明AIP技术优于MIP技术。然后，我们回顾了CT尿路造影与传统尿路造影在上尿路诊断中的对比研究结果。最后，我们描述了CT尿路造影的优点和局限性。
