Mello Antonietta, Ghignone Stefano, Vizzini Alfredo, Sechi Clizia, Ruiu Pino, Bonfante Paola
Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante del CNR, Sezione di Torino, Viale Mattioli, 25, 10125 Torino, Italy.
J Biotechnol. 2006 Feb 10;121(3):318-29. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2005.08.022. Epub 2005 Oct 6.
Boletus species belonging to the section Boletus are the most frequently eaten fungi among those harvested in natural conditions in Europe. This section groups 10 taxa which are hardly distinguishable on the basis of their morphology. Some of them have been shown to induce allergic IgE-mediated symptoms either through inhalation, ingestion or contact. Since questions relating to the presence of allergens in any of the species most in demand (B. edulis, B. aereus, B. pinophilus, B. aestivalis, all classified as B. edulis s.l.) remain open, together with the absence of tools which distinguish the species, we sequenced the ITS region of 28 Boletus samples and then we designed specific primers. These allowed the effective separation of the taxa. In addition, the phylogenetic tree obtained from the sequences alignment revealed that B. violaceofuscus, a spectacular Chinese fungus considered belonging to the section Boletus and often sold intermixed with B. edulis s.l. specimens, clusters outside the section Boletus.
牛肝菌属牛肝菌组的物种是欧洲自然环境中采集的可食用真菌中最常被食用的。该组包含10个分类单元，根据其形态很难区分。其中一些已被证明可通过吸入、摄入或接触引发过敏性IgE介导的症状。由于与最受欢迎的任何物种（美味牛肝菌、铜色牛肝菌、嗜松牛肝菌、夏生牛肝菌，均归类为广义美味牛肝菌）中过敏原的存在相关的问题仍然悬而未决，而且缺乏区分这些物种的工具，我们对28个牛肝菌样本的ITS区域进行了测序，然后设计了特异性引物。这些引物能够有效区分分类单元。此外，从序列比对获得的系统发育树显示，紫褐牛肝菌，一种引人注目的中国真菌，被认为属于牛肝菌组，且常与广义美味牛肝菌标本混在一起出售，它聚类在牛肝菌组之外。
