Illig L
Infection. 1979;7 Suppl 6:584-8. doi: 10.1007/BF01659741.
Since about 1950 especially, dermatologists world-wide have been utilizing the positive side-effects, discovered by chance, of all groups of antibiotic and antimicrobial drugs. These drugs are used to treat certain non-microbially induced dermatoses, without any knowledge of the mechanisms involved. A short history is given and the most important drugs and the indications for their use are described. The following drugs are undoubtedly effective and sometimes even the therapy of choice: tetracyclines in acne vulgaris and rosacea (including rosacea keratitis); penicillin G in acrodermatitis atrophicans and cold urticaria; dapsone in dermatitis herpetiformis and - as a powerful adjuvant - in acne vulgaris and rosacea. Before the discovery of the socalled immunodepressive drugs, tetracycline was the only alternative to - or at least a highly effective adjuvant of - cortisone in dermatomyositis and chloroquine in localised and systemic lupus erythematosus. Finally, clioquinole was life-saving in acrodermatitis continua in children until this condition was recently identified as a zinc-deficiency syndrome. Therapeutical mechanisms have been found only in the case of acne, rosacea and dermatitis herpetiformis. In most other diseases the nature of the therapeutical effectiveness of antibiotic and antimicrobial drugs still remains a mystery.
尤其是自1950年左右以来，全世界的皮肤科医生一直在利用各类抗生素和抗菌药物偶然发现的积极副作用。这些药物被用于治疗某些非微生物引起的皮肤病，而对其中涉及的机制一无所知。本文给出了一段简史，并描述了最重要的药物及其使用指征。以下药物无疑是有效的，有时甚至是首选治疗药物：四环素用于寻常痤疮和酒渣鼻（包括酒渣鼻角膜炎）；青霉素G用于萎缩性肢端皮炎和寒冷性荨麻疹；氨苯砜用于疱疹样皮炎，并且作为强效辅助药物用于寻常痤疮和酒渣鼻。在所谓的免疫抑制药物被发现之前，四环素是皮肌炎中可的松以及局限性和系统性红斑狼疮中氯喹的唯一替代药物，或者至少是一种高效辅助药物。最后，氯碘羟喹在儿童连续性肢端皮炎中曾是救命药物，直到这种疾病最近被确认为锌缺乏综合征。仅在痤疮、酒渣鼻和疱疹样皮炎的病例中发现了治疗机制。在大多数其他疾病中，抗生素和抗菌药物治疗效果的本质仍然是个谜。
