Malone Ainsley M
Nutrition Support Team, Pharmacy Department, Mount Carmel West Hospital, 793 West State Street, Columbus, Ohio 43222, USA.
Nutr Clin Pract. 2002 Feb;17(1):21-8. doi: 10.1177/011542650201700121.
An essential component in developing the nutrition support plan for hospitalized patients is evaluating energy requirements. Assessing energy expenditure (EE) and identifying requirements in the critically ill patient present the clinician with a challenge; how to prevent overfeeding and minimize underfeeding? Both under- and overfeeding have been associated with increased morbidity and mortality. It is known that critical illness alters EE. This alteration is hormonally mediated and is characterized by changes in metabolic processes. Methods used by clinicians to assess EE in the critically ill patient vary significantly. It is the purpose of this review to outline the various methods for evaluating EE in critical illness with emphasis on their benefits and limitations.
制定住院患者营养支持计划的一个重要组成部分是评估能量需求。评估危重症患者的能量消耗（EE）并确定其需求给临床医生带来了挑战：如何防止过度喂养并尽量减少喂养不足？喂养不足和过度喂养都与发病率和死亡率增加有关。众所周知，危重症会改变能量消耗。这种改变是由激素介导的，其特征是代谢过程发生变化。临床医生用于评估危重症患者能量消耗的方法差异很大。本综述的目的是概述评估危重症患者能量消耗的各种方法，重点介绍其优点和局限性。
