Evaluation of eosinophiluria in the diagnosis of schistosomiasis hematobium: a field-based study.

Using Hansel's stain, eosinophiluria greater than 5% of total urinary white blood cells was found in 59% of a randomly selected population sample in an area endemic for schistosomiasis hematobium. The prevalence and mean level of eosinophiluria were significantly higher in infected subjects than in noninfected subjects (P less than 0.05). The sensitivity (80%), specificity (86%), and positive predictive value (82%) of eosinophiluria as a diagnostic index for schistosomiasis hematobium were significantly higher (Youdin index 0.66; P less than 0.05) than those of proteinuria, hematuria, and leukocyturia taken singly or in combination. However, unlike the latter three measurements, this method involves microscopy. There is a great need for a chemical method for measuring eosinophiluria.