Pasqualotto Fábio F, Sobreiro Bernardo P, Hallak Jorge, Pasqualotto Eleonora B, Lucon Antônio M
Instituto de Biotecnologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade de Caxias do Sul e Divisão de Clínica Urológica, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
BJU Int. 2005 Nov;96(7):1087-91. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2005.05806.x.
To assess hormone levels, testicular volume, and semen characteristics of fertile men of various age groups.
The records of 889 men who sought a vasectomy between September 1999 and March 2003 were reviewed. Patients were divided into five groups by age; we evaluated semen volume, sperm concentration, motility, morphology and complex sperm motion variables. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone levels and both testicular volumes were compared.
There were no differences among the groups in the levels of LH, testosterone, or right and left testicular volumes. There were differences among the five groups in FSH levels, semen volume, sperm concentration and motility. Normal morphology according to the World Health Organisation criteria was significantly lower in patients aged > 45 years. From a linear regression analysis, semen volume, sperm concentration and motility decreased by 0.01 mL, 2.1%, and 0.27%, respectively, per year, and the FSH level increased by 0.27%.
Sperm concentration and motility decrease and FSH levels increase with age. Normal sperm morphology decreases from 45 years old. Thus, the ageing effect should be considered when proposing standard values for semen characteristics in routine semen analysis.
评估不同年龄组生育期男性的激素水平、睾丸体积和精液特征。
回顾了1999年9月至2003年3月间寻求输精管切除术的889名男性的记录。患者按年龄分为五组；我们评估了精液量、精子浓度、活力、形态以及复杂精子运动变量。比较了促卵泡激素（FSH）、促黄体生成素（LH）、睾酮水平以及双侧睾丸体积。
各组之间在LH、睾酮水平或左右睾丸体积方面无差异。五组在FSH水平、精液量、精子浓度和活力方面存在差异。按照世界卫生组织标准，年龄>45岁患者的正常形态精子比例显著较低。线性回归分析显示，精液量、精子浓度和活力每年分别下降0.01 mL、2.1%和0.27%，而FSH水平则上升0.27%。
精子浓度和活力随年龄下降，FSH水平随年龄上升。正常精子形态从45岁开始下降。因此，在常规精液分析中提出精液特征标准值时应考虑年龄的影响。
