Cohen Sally S, Lord Heather
Yale University School of Nursing, New Haven, CT 06536-0740, USA.
Nurs Outlook. 2005 Sep-Oct;53(5):239-246. doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2005.03.011.
The Child Care and Development Block Grant (CCDBG) is the largest source of state and federal child care assistance. Between 1996-2004, the number of reports on state implementation of the CCDBG soared. Using the matrix method, this article synthesizes 39 reports from public and private entities on how states differed in the use of CCDBG funds. We found considerable variation among states with regard to populations served, financing of child care through CCDBG and TANF (Temporary Assistance to Needy Families), administration of the CCDBG, and use of its quality set-asides. This issue is of prime importance to nurses who work with low-income families with children, especially because quality, accessibility and affordability of child care affects a child's emotional, social, cognitive, and physical development. The CCDBG reauthorization and annual appropriations are currently on the congressional agenda and warrant nurse's input for ongoing sustainability and support. Recommendations for policy and future research are included.
儿童保育与发展专项拨款（CCDBG）是州和联邦儿童保育援助的最大来源。1996年至2004年间，关于各州实施CCDBG的报告数量激增。本文采用矩阵法，综合了39份来自公共和私人实体的报告，内容涉及各州在使用CCDBG资金方面的差异。我们发现，各州在服务人群、通过CCDBG和临时援助贫困家庭（TANF）提供儿童保育资金、CCDBG的管理以及其质量预留资金的使用等方面存在相当大的差异。这个问题对与有孩子的低收入家庭打交道的护士至关重要，特别是因为儿童保育的质量、可及性和可承受性会影响儿童的情感、社交、认知和身体发育。CCDBG的重新授权和年度拨款目前已列入国会日程，需要护士提供意见以确保其持续的可持续性和支持。文中还包括了政策建议和未来研究方向。
