Bhatia Kartik, Ghabriel Mounir N, Henneberg Maciej
The Department of Anatomical Sciences, University of Adelaide, South Australia.
Folia Morphol (Warsz). 2005 Aug;64(3):217-23.
Variations of the branches of the aortic arch are likely to occur as a result of the altered development of certain branchial arch arteries during the embryonic period of gestation. In the present investigation the pattern of branches of the aortic arch was studied in 81 cadavers from a recent South Australian population of European descent, who have migrated to (n = 38) or were born and lived in (n = 43) South Australia during the twentieth century. Two principal variations were noted in the present study. Firstly, in 6 cadavers, the left vertebral artery originated directly from the arch of the aorta, between the left common carotid and the left subclavian arteries. The 6 subjects were among the subgroup born in South Australia, giving an incidence of 13.95%, which is much higher than in previous reports. The overall incidence of 7.41%, when related to the whole group, is also higher than incidences reported in other populations. The presence of this variation suggests that in some individuals part of the aortic arch is formed from the left 7(th) inter-segmental artery. Secondly, none of the cadavers examined had the thyroidea ima artery, contrasting with previously reported incidences that varied between 4% and 10%. Since all 6 cadavers with the left vertebral artery variant were born in South Australia, it is suggested that environmental factors may have contributed to this variation. Significant environmental changes in South Australia around the turn of the twentieth century are discussed. This study represents the first systematic investigation of the branches of the aortic arch in a South Australian population and provides data relevant to the practice of medicine.
由于在妊娠胚胎期某些鳃弓动脉发育改变，主动脉弓分支可能会出现变异。在本研究中，对81具来自近期南澳大利亚欧洲裔人群的尸体进行了主动脉弓分支模式的研究，这些人在20世纪移民至南澳大利亚（n = 38）或在南澳大利亚出生并生活（n = 43）。本研究中发现了两种主要变异。首先，在6具尸体中，左椎动脉直接起源于主动脉弓，位于左颈总动脉和左锁骨下动脉之间。这6名受试者属于在南澳大利亚出生的亚组，发生率为13.95%，远高于先前报道。与整个研究组相关时，总体发生率为百分之7.41，也高于其他人群报道的发生率。这种变异的存在表明，在一些个体中，主动脉弓的一部分由左第7节间动脉形成。其次，所检查的尸体均无甲状腺最下动脉，这与先前报道的百分之4至百分之10的发生率形成对比。由于所有6具具有左椎动脉变异的尸体均在南澳大利亚出生，可以认为环境因素可能促成了这种变异。文中讨论了20世纪之交南澳大利亚显著的环境变化。本研究是对南澳大利亚人群主动脉弓分支的首次系统研究，并提供了与医学实践相关的数据。
