Buziak-Bereza Monika, Gołkowski Filip, Szybiński Zbigniew
Katedra i Klinika Endokrynologii, Collegium Medicum, Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego w Krakowie.
Przegl Lek. 2005;62(4):222-6.
The aim of the study carried out in 1989-90 and 1998-99 was to define the iodine deficiency state and goiter prevalence in adult population of Cracow. The analysis included data obtained from 230 individuals (143 females and 87 males). The mean age was 36 +/- 15 years. The thyroid size and morphology was determined by ultrasound method using Aloka unit equipped with 7.5 MHz linear transducer. The concentration of iodine in casual morning urine sample was measured using Sandell-Kolthoff's method. The 10- year observation revealed an insignificant decrease in prevalence of goiter from 26.2% to 21.8%. We observed statistically significant (p = 0.001) decrease in the parenchymal goiter prevalence from 22.7% to 11.7 in the same period of time. The significant increase in incidence of nodular goiter was found (6.5% vs 20.8%, p < 0.001). In all groups investigated through 1989-99, there was an increase in medians of ioduria over the 10-year period. The level of urinary iodine excretion was not essential element for risk of nodular goitre. Thus, the results indicate the beneficial effect of iodine prophylaxis which reflects in decrease of prevalence of parenchymal goiter. No clear effect of iodine prophylaxis was noticed regarding rise in nodular goiter incidence.
1989 - 1990年和1998 - 1999年开展的这项研究的目的是确定克拉科夫成年人群的碘缺乏状况和甲状腺肿患病率。分析纳入了230名个体（143名女性和87名男性）的数据。平均年龄为36±15岁。采用配备7.5MHz线性换能器的阿洛卡超声仪通过超声法测定甲状腺大小和形态。采用桑德尔 - 科尔托夫法测定随机晨尿样本中的碘浓度。10年观察显示甲状腺肿患病率从26.2%降至21.8%，降幅不显著。同期，实质性甲状腺肿患病率从22.7%降至11.7%，差异有统计学意义（p = 0.001）。结节性甲状腺肿发病率显著增加（6.5%对20.8%，p < 0.001）。在1989 - 1999年调查的所有组中，10年间尿碘中位数均有所增加。尿碘排泄水平并非结节性甲状腺肿风险的关键因素。因此，结果表明碘预防具有有益作用，表现为实质性甲状腺肿患病率降低。未发现碘预防对结节性甲状腺肿发病率上升有明显影响。
