Ambrose Dean H, Bartels John R, Kwitowski August J, Gallagher Sean, Battenhouse Thomas R
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Pittsburgh Research Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, United States.
J Safety Res. 2005;36(4):387-97. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2005.07.004. Epub 2005 Oct 17.
Incident investigation reports do not usually contain enough information to aid in studying boom arm vertical speed for roof bolting machines to determine the impact that appendage speed had on an operator's risk of experiencing a contact. Laboratory experiments with human subjects are also not feasible because of safety and ethical issues.
Researchers successfully developed a three-dimensional computer model that uses virtual human simulation software as the primary means to gather contact data when the boom arm touches the operator's hand, arm, head, or leg.
Data analysis of roof bolter simulations shows that the speed of the boom arm is the most important factor in determining the risk of an operator making contact. Regardless of other variables, contact incidents were always greater when the bolter arm was moving up, greater on the hand, and greater for the boom arm part of the machine. The reason why the subject experiences more contacts when the boom arm is moving up rather than down is that more risky behaviors occur during drilling and bolting when the boom arm is ascending. Based on the data collected, boom speeds greater than 13 in/sec result in a substantial increase in risk to the roof bolter operator of making contact. Speeds less than or equal to 13 in/sec are associated with a more modest relative risk of making contact, which represents a decrease in potential hazard.
The use of such information can be quite helpful in making recommendations to machine design and task procedures to reduce the likelihood that roof bolter operators will experience injury due to contact with a moving roof bolting machine's boom arm.
事故调查报告通常没有包含足够的信息，以帮助研究锚杆支护机的悬臂垂直速度，从而确定附属装置速度对操作员遭受接触风险的影响。由于安全和伦理问题，对人类受试者进行实验室实验也不可行。
研究人员成功开发了一个三维计算机模型，该模型使用虚拟人体模拟软件作为收集悬臂接触操作员的手、手臂、头部或腿部时的接触数据的主要手段。
锚杆支护机模拟的数据分析表明，悬臂速度是确定操作员发生接触风险的最重要因素。无论其他变量如何，当锚杆支护机的悬臂向上移动时，接触事故总是更多，在手上的接触事故更多，并且在机器的悬臂部分发生的接触事故更多。当悬臂向上移动而不是向下移动时受试者经历更多接触的原因是，在悬臂上升时钻孔和锚杆支护过程中会发生更多危险行为。根据收集的数据，悬臂速度大于13英寸/秒会导致锚杆支护机操作员发生接触的风险大幅增加。速度小于或等于13英寸/秒与发生接触的相对风险较低相关，这意味着潜在危害的降低。
使用此类信息对于向机器设计和任务程序提出建议非常有帮助，以降低锚杆支护机操作员因接触移动的锚杆支护机悬臂而受伤的可能性。
